Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of the city-state of Rome, founded on the Italian peninsula around 800 BC.
During its twelve-century existence, the Roman civilization shifted from a monarchy to an oligarchic republic to a vast empire.
It came to dominate Western Europe and the entire area surrounding the Mediterranean Sea through conquest and assimilation.
Nonetheless, a number of factors led to the eventual decline of the Roman Empire.
The western half of the empire, including Hispania, Gaul, and Italy, eventually broke into independent kingdoms in the 5th century; the eastern empire, governed from Constantinople, is usually referred to as the Byzantine Empire after 476, the traditional date for the "fall of Rome" and for the subsequent onset of the Early Middle Ages, also known as the Dark Ages.
Iron Age In archaeology, the Iron Age is the stage in the development of any people where the use of iron implements as tools and weapons is prominent. The ... >
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Bronze Age The Bronze Age is a period in a civilization's development when the most advanced metalworking consisted of techniques for smelting copper and tin ... >
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Parthenon The Parthenon was a temple of Athena, built in the 5th century BC on the Acropolis of Athens. It is the best-known remaining building of Ancient ... >
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Civilization The word civilization (or civilisation) has a variety of meanings related to human society. By the most minimal, literal definition, a civilization ... >
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Human migration Human migration denotes any movement by humans from one locality to another, often over long distances or in large groups. Humans are known to have ... >
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Catapult Catapults are siege engines using an arm to hurl a projectile a great distance. Any machine that hurls an object can be considered a catapult, but ... >
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Inca Empire The Inca Empire was an empire centered in what is now Peru from AD 1438 to AD 1533.The Inca people began as a tribe in the Cuzco area around the 12th ... >
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Mesopotamia Mesopotamia was home to some of the oldest major ancient civilizations, including the Sumerians, Akkadians, Persians, Babylonians and Assyrians. ... >
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Pompeii Pompeii is a ruined Roman city near modern Naples in the Italian region of Campania, in the territory of the commune of Pompei. It was destroyed ... >
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Crane (machine) A crane is a tower or derrick equipped with cables and pulleys that can be used both to lift and lower materials and to shift them horizontally. ... >
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