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Fossil fuel
Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons, primarily coal, fuel oil or natural gas, formed from the remains of dead plants and animals. In common dialogue, the term fossil fuel also includes ... > more -
Geologic temperature record
This article is devoted to temperature changes in Earth's environment as determined from geologic evidence on multi-million to billion (109) year time scales. The last 3 million years have been ... > more -
Carbon cycle
The carbon cycle is the biogeochemical cycle by which carbon is exchanged between the biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere of the Earth. The cycle is usually thought of as four major ... > more -
Ocean acidification
Ocean acidification is the name given to the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by their uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Between 1751 and 2004 ... > more -
Precipitation (meteorology)
In meteorology, precipitation is any form of water that falls from the sky as part of the weather to the ground. This includes snow, rain, sleet, freezing rain, hail, and virga. Precipitation is a ... > more -
Geophysics
Geophysics, the study of the earth by quantitative physical methods, especially by seismic reflection and refraction, geodesy, gravity, magnetic, electrical, electromagnetic, and radioactivity ... > more -
Greenland ice sheet
The Greenland Ice Sheet is a vast body of ice covering roughly 80% of the surface of Greenland. It is the second largest ice body in the world, after the Antarctic Ice Sheet. The ice sheet is almost ... > more -
Antarctic ice sheet
The Antarctic ice sheet is the largest single mass of ice on Earth. It covers an area of almost 14 million square km and contains 30 million cubic km of ice. Around 90 percent of the fresh water on ... > more -
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows the fluctuations of the temperature of the atmosphere and the oceans since the invention of ... > more -
Solar radiation
Solar radiation is radiant energy emitted by the sun, particularly electromagnetic energy. About half of the radiation is in the visible short-wave part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The other ... > more
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