Earth & Climate Articles

• Natural Disasters
  Severe Weather
  Floods
  Earthquakes
  Hurricanes and Cyclones
  Tsunamis
   

  Catastrophe modeling

  Catastrophe modeling (also known as cat modeling) is the process of using computer-assisted calculations to estimate the losses that could be sustained by a portfolio of properties due to a ... > more
• Atmosphere
  Air Quality
  Air Pollution
  Climate
  Geochemistry
  Environmental Issues
   
  

  Earth's atmosphere

  Earth's atmosphere is a layer of gases surrounding the planet Earth and retained by the Earth's gravity. It contains roughly 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen 0.97% argon and carbon dioxide 0.04% trace ... > more
• Volcanoes
  Natural Disasters
  Climate
  Global Warming
  Environmental Issues
  Floods
   

  Climate changes of 535-536

  In the years 535 and 536, several remarkable aberrations in world climate took place. The Byzantine historian Procopius recorded of 536, "during this year a most dread portent took place. For the sun ... > more
• Ecology
  Ecology Research
  Nature
  Ecosystems
  Environmental Issues
  Biology
   
  

  Ecology

  Ecology, or ecological science, is the scientific study of the distribution and abundance of living organisms and how the distribution and abundance are affected by interactions between the organisms ... > more
• Pollution
  Air Quality
  Air Pollution
  Environmental Issues
  Environmental Science
  Water
   
  

  Humidity

  Humidity is the concentration of water vapor in the air. The concentration can be expressed as absolute humidity, specific humidity, or relative humidity. Relative humidity is the most frequently ... > more
• Water
  Soil Types
  Environmental Issues
  Drought Research
  Drought
  Ecosystems
   
  

  Evapotranspiration

  Evapotranspiration (ET) is the sum of evaporation and plant transpiration. Evaporation accounts for the movement of water to the air from sources such as the soil, canopy interception, and ... > more
• Early Climate
  Climate
  Ice Ages
  Global Warming
  Geology
  Environmental Issues
   
  

  Paleoclimatology

  Paleoclimatology is the study of climate change taken on the scale of the entire history of the earth. Glaciers are a widely employed instrument in paleoclimatology. The ice in glaciers has hardened ... > more
• Oceanography
  Geography
  Earth Science
  Water
  Ecosystems
  Ecology
   
  

  Ocean

  Though generally recognized as several 'separate' oceans, these waters comprise one global, interconnected body of salt water often referred to as the World Ocean or global ocean. This concept of a ... > more
• Earthquakes
  Tsunamis
  Natural Disasters
  Geology
  Earth Science
  Oceanography
   
  

  Elastic-rebound theory

  In geology, the elastic rebound theory was the first theory to satisfactorily explain earthquakes. Previously it was thought that ruptures of the surface were the result of strong ground shaking ... > more
• Water
  Floods
  Environmental Issues
  Pollution
  Sustainability
  Landslides
   
  

  Surface runoff

  Surface runoff is water, from rain, snowmelt, or other sources, that flows over the land surface, and is a major component of the water cycle. Runoff that occurs on surfaces before reaching a channel ... > more

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