Browse Reference Articles
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Water turbine
A water turbine is a rotary engine that takes energy from moving water. Water turbines were developed in the nineteenth century and were widely used for industrial power prior to electrical grids. ... > more -
Richter magnitude scale
The Richter magnitude test scale (or more correctly local magnitude ML scale) assigns a single number to quantify the size of an earthquake. It is a base-10 logarithmic scale obtained by calculating ... > more -
Atmospheric dispersion modeling
Atmospheric dispersion modeling is the mathematical simulation of how air pollutants disperse in the ambient atmosphere. It is performed with computer programs that solve the mathematical equations ... > more -
Polytetrafluoroethylene
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a fluoropolymer discovered by Roy J. Plunkett (1910–1994) of DuPont in 1938. It was introduced as a commercial product in 1946 and (in an example of a ... > more -
Precipitation (meteorology)
In meteorology, precipitation is any form of water that falls from the sky as part of the weather to the ground. This includes snow, rain, sleet, freezing rain, hail, and virga. Precipitation is a ... > more -
Global Positioning System
The Global Positioning System, usually called GPS, is the Earth's only fully-functional satellite navigation system. A constellation of more than two dozen GPS satellites broadcasts precise timing ... > more -
Giant clam
The Giant Clam (Tridacna gigas) is the largest living bivalve mollusc. One of a number of large clam species native to the shallow coral reefs of the South Pacific and Indian oceans, they can weigh ... > more -
Hurricane Rita
Hurricane Rita is the fourth-most intense Atlantic hurricane ever recorded and the most intense tropical cyclone observed in the Gulf of Mexico. Rita caused $10 billion in damage on the U.S. Gulf ... > more -
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, known by the scientific community as the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake, was an undersea earthquake that occurred at 00:58:53 UTC (07:58:53 local time) on December 26, ... > more
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