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Jet stream
Jet streams are fast flowing, relatively narrow air currents found in the atmosphere at around 12 km above the surface of the Earth, just under the tropopause. They form at the boundaries of adjacent ... > more -
Foucault pendulum
A Foucault pendulum, or Foucault's pendulum, named after the French physicist Leon Foucault, was conceived as an experiment to demonstrate the rotation of the Earth; its action is a result of the ... > more -
Mount Etna
Mount Etna is an active volcano on the east coast of Sicily, close to Messina and Catania. It is the largest active volcano in Europe, currently standing about 3,350 m (10,991 ft) high, though it ... > more -
Carbon cycle
The carbon cycle is the biogeochemical cycle by which carbon is exchanged between the biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere of the Earth. The cycle is usually thought of as four major ... > more -
Metamorphic rock
Metamorphic rock is the result of the transformation of a pre-existing rock type, the protolith, in a process called metamorphism, which means "change in form". The protolith is subjected to heat and ... > more -
Geologic temperature record
This article is devoted to temperature changes in Earth's environment as determined from geologic evidence on multi-million to billion (109) year time scales. The last 3 million years have been ... > more -
Radiant energy
Radiant energy is the energy of electromagnetic waves. The term is most commonly used in the fields of radiometry, solar energy, heating and lighting, but is also used less frequently in other fields ... > more -
Coriolis effect
The Coriolis effect caused by the rotation of the Earth is responsible for the precession of a Foucault pendulum and for the direction of rotation of cyclones. In general, the effect deflects objects ... > more -
Cyclone Gafilo
Cyclone Gafilo was a powerful tropical cyclone which struck Madagascar in March 2004, causing devastating damage. At least 250 people were listed dead, with more missing, and 300,000 people were left ... > more
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