Browse Reference Articles
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Archaeopteryx
Archaeopteryx lithographica is the earliest and most primitive known bird. In the 1990s, the discovery of a number of well-preserved feathered dinosaurs solidified the link between dinosaurs and ... > more -
Supervolcano
A supervolcano refers to a volcano that produces the largest and most voluminous kinds of eruption on Earth. The actual explosivity of these eruptions varies, but the sheer volume of extruded magma ... > more -
Frog zoology
About 400 million years ago, some members of the sarcopterygian group of fish moved onto land. These became the first amphibians. Today, these animals still spend part of their lives in water and ... > more -
Sequence stratigraphy
Sequence stratigraphy is a relatively new branch of geology that attempts to link prehistoric sea-level changes to sedimentary deposits. The 'sequence' part of the name refers to cyclic sedimentary ... > more -
Cretaceous
The Cretaceous period is one of the major divisions of the geologic timescale, reaching from the end of the Jurassic period, about 146 million years ago (Ma), to the beginning of the Paleocene epoch ... > more -
Extinction
In biology and ecology, extinction is the cessation of existence of a species or group of taxa, reducing biodiversity. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last ... > more -
Earthquake
An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of stored energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes are accordingly measured with a seismometer, commonly known as a ... > more -
Extinction event
An extinction event (also extinction-level event, ELE) occurs when a large number of species die out in a relatively short period of time. Since life began on Earth, a number of major mass ... > more
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