Hip dysplasia is a hereditary disease that, in its more severe form, can eventually cause crippling lameness and painful arthritis of the joints.
It is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
It can be found in many animals and occasionally in humans, but is most commonly associated with dogs, and is not uncommon in many dog breeds, particularly the larger breeds.
Hip dysplasia is one of the most studied veterinary conditions in dogs, and the most common single cause of arthritis of the hips.
In humans it occurs at a rate of about 4 births per thousand (0.4%) In dogs, there is considerable evidence that genetics plays a large role in the development of this defect.
There might be several contributing genetic factors, including a femur that does not fit correctly into the pelvic socket, or poorly developed muscles in the pelvic area.
Large and giant breeds are susceptible to hip dysplasia, and Cocker spaniels and Shetland sheepdogs are also known to suffer from it.
Cats are also known to have this condition, especially Siamese.
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