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Scanning tunneling microscope
The scanning tunneling microscope or STM, was invented in 1981 by Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer of IBM's Zurich Lab in Zurich, Switzerland. t is used to obtain images of conductive surfaces at an ... > more -
Radical (chemistry)
In chemistry, radicals (often referred to as free radicals) are atomic or molecular species with unpaired electrons on an otherwise open shell configuration. These unpaired electrons are usually ... > more -
Hydrogen chloride
Hydrogen chloride, also known under the name HCl, is a highly corrosive and toxic colorless gas that forms white fumes on contact with ... > more -
Electrical phenomena
Electrical phenomena are commonplace and unusual events that can be observed which illuminate the principles of the physics of electricity and are explained by them. Electrical phenomena are a ... > more -
Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy is the study of spectra, that is, the dependence of physical quantities on frequency. Spectroscopy is often used in physical and analytical chemistry for the identification of ... > more
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