A planetary nebula is an astronomical object consisting of a glowing shell of gas and plasma formed by certain types of stars at the end of their lives.
They are in fact unrelated to planets; the name originates from a supposed similarity in appearance to giant planets.
They are a short-lived phenomenon, lasting a few tens of thousands of years, compared to a typical stellar lifetime of several billion years.
About 1,500 are known to exist in the Milky Way Galaxy.
Planetary nebulae are important objects in astronomy because they play a crucial role in the chemical evolution of the galaxy, returning material to the interstellar medium which has been enriched in heavy elements and other products of nucleosynthesis (such as carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and calcium).
In other galaxies, planetary nebulae may be the only objects observable enough to yield useful information about chemical abundances.
Orion Nebula The Orion Nebula (also known as Messier 42, M42, or NGC 1976) is a glowing emission nebula with a greenish hue and is situated below Orion's Belt. It ... >
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Star cluster Star clusters are groups of stars which are gravitationally bound. Two distinct types of star cluster can be distinguished: globular clusters are ... >
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Stellar evolution In astronomy, stellar evolution is the sequence of changes that a star undergoes during its lifetime; the hundreds of thousands, millions or billions ... >
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Nucleosynthesis Nucleosynthesis is the process of creating new atomic nuclei from preexisting nucleons (protons and neutrons). The primordial preexisting nucleons ... >
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Astrophysics Astrophysics is the branch of astronomy that deals with the physics of the universe, including the physical properties (luminosity, density, ... >
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Open cluster An open cluster is a group of up to a few thousand stars that were formed from the same giant molecular cloud, and are still loosely gravitationally ... >
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Interstellar medium The interstellar medium (or ISM) is the name astronomers give to the tenuous gas and dust that pervade interstellar space. Whilst the ISM refers to ... >
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Supergiant Supergiants are the most massive stars. Supergiants can have masses from 10 to 70 solar masses and brightness from 30,000 up to hundreds of thousands ... >
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Stellar classification In astronomy, stellar classification is a classification of stars based initially on photospheric temperature and its associated spectral ... >
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Magellanic Clouds The two Magellanic Clouds are irregular dwarf galaxies orbiting our Milky Way galaxy, and thus are members of our Local Group of galaxies.The Large ... >
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