Rogue waves, also known as freak waves, are relatively large and spontaneous ocean surface waves which can sink even large ships and ocean liners.
In oceanography, they are more concisely defined as waves that are more than double the significant wave height (SWH), which is itself defined as the mean of the largest third of waves in a wave record.
Once thought to be only legendary, they are now known to be a natural ocean phenomenon, not rare, but rarely encountered.
For more information about the topic Rogue wave (oceanography), read the full article at Wikipedia.org, or see the following related articles:
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