Smouldering (or smoldering in American spelling) combustion is a flameless form of combustion, deriving its heat from oxidations occurring on the surface of a solid fuel.

Common examples are the initiation of fires on upholstered furniture by weak heat sources (e.g.

a cigarette, a short-circuited wire), and the persistent combustion of biomass behind the flaming front of wildland fires.

Many materials can sustain a smouldering reaction, including coal, tobacco, wood, biomass fuels on the forest surface (duff) and subsurface (peat), cotton clothing and string, and polymeric foams (e.g.

upholstery and bedding materials)..

For more information about the topic Smoulder, read the full article at Wikipedia.org, or see the following related articles:

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