Cosmic Ray Articles

• Chemistry
  Nature of Water
  Inorganic Chemistry
  Sports Science
  Thermodynamics
  Graphene
   
  

  Sodium

  Sodium is the chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Na and atomic number 11. Sodium is a soft, waxy, silvery reactive metal belonging to the alkali metals that is abundant in ... > more
• Northern Lights
  Space Exploration
  Space Missions
  Space Station
  NASA
  Space Probes
   
  

  Ion thruster

  An ion thruster (or ion drive), one of several types of spacecraft propulsion, uses beams of ions - electrically charged atoms or molecules - for propulsion. The precise method for accelerating the ... > more
• Astrophysics
  Dark Matter
  Cosmology
  Astronomy
  Big Bang
  Black Holes
   
  

  Dark energy

  In physical cosmology, dark energy is a hypothetical form of energy that permeates all of space and tends to increase the rate of expansion of the universe. Assuming the existence of dark energy is ... > more
• Quantum Physics
  Physics
  Black Holes
  Quantum Computers
  Quantum Computing
  Spintronics
   
  

  Quantum mechanics

  Quantum mechanics is a fundamental branch of theoretical physics that replaces Newtonian mechanics and classical electromagnetism at the atomic and subatomic levels. It is the underlying framework of ... > more
• Extrasolar Planets
  Stars
  Solar System
  Astronomy
  Sun
  Mars
   
  

  Planetary habitability

  Planetary habitability is the measure of an astronomical body's potential to develop and sustain life. It is generally assumed that any extraterrestrial life that might exist will be based on the ... > more
• Stars
  Galaxies
  Astronomy
  Extrasolar Planets
  Sun
  Solar Flare
   
  

  Blue supergiant

  Blue supergiants are supergiant stars (class I) of spectral type O. They are extremely hot and bright, with surface temperatures of between 20,000 - 50,000 degrees Celsius. The best known example is ... > more
• Black Holes
  Astrophysics
  Astronomy
  Galaxies
  Cosmology
  Dark Matter
   
  

  Holographic principle

  The holographic principle is a property of quantum gravity theories which resolves the black hole information paradox within string theory. First proposed by Gerard 't Hooft, it was given a precise ... > more
• Space Telescopes
  Space Exploration
  Astronomy
  NASA
  Satellites
  Astrophysics
   
  

  Radio telescope

  A radio telescope is a form of radio receiver used in astronomy. In contrast to an "ordinary" telescope, which receives visible light, a radio telescope "sees" radio waves emitted by radio sources, ... > more
• Cosmology
  Big Bang
  Astrophysics
  Black Holes
  Space Telescopes
  Astronomy
   
  

  Multiverse

  A multiverse (or meta-universe) is the hypothetical set of multiple possible universes, including our universe, which comprise the absolute whole of physical ... > more
• Space Telescopes
  Space Exploration
  NASA
  Astronomy
  Satellites
  ESA
   
  

  European Southern Observatory

  The European Southern Observatory (ESO, also more formally the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere) is an intergovernmental research organisation for astronomy, ... > more

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