Browse Reference Articles
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Spacecraft propulsion
Spacecraft propulsion is used to change the velocity of spacecraft and artificial satellites, or in short, to provide delta-v. There are many different methods. Each method has drawbacks and ... > more -
Globular cluster
A globular cluster is a spherical collection of stars that orbits a galactic core as a satellite. Globular clusters are very tightly bound by gravity, which gives them their spherical shapes and ... > more -
Open cluster
An open cluster is a group of up to a few thousand stars that were formed from the same giant molecular cloud, and are still loosely gravitationally bound to each other. In contrast, globular ... > more -
Gravitation
Gravity is a force of attraction that acts between bodies that have mass. Gravity is the reason for the very existence of the earth, the sun and other celestial bodies; without it matter would not ... > more -
European Space Agency
The European Space Agency (ESA), established in 1975, is an inter-governmental organisation dedicated to exploration of space with currently 17 member states. ESA has ambitious space plans that may ... > more -
Outer space
Outer space, also simply called space, refers to the relatively empty regions of the universe outside the atmospheres of celestial bodies. Outer space is used to distinguish it from airspace (and ... > more -
Gamma ray burst
Gamma-ray bursts are the most luminous physical phenomena in the universe known to the field of astronomy. They consist of flashes of gamma rays that last from seconds to hours, the longer ones being ... > more -
Introduction to general relativity
General relativity (GR) is the geometrical theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1916. It unifies Einstein's earlier special relativity with Sir Isaac Newton's law of universal ... > more -
Star cluster
Star clusters are groups of stars which are gravitationally bound. Two distinct types of star cluster can be distinguished: globular clusters are tight groups of hundreds of thousands of very old ... > more -
Andromeda Galaxy
TThe Andromeda Galaxy (also known as Messier 31, M31, or NGC 224; older texts often called it the Andromeda Nebula) is a spiral galaxy approximately 2.5 million light-years away in the constellation ... > more
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