Poll: Youth attitudes on 40th anniversary of Roe v. Wade

These labels, however, might obscure a deeper divide in youth political attitudes. Fifty percent of young people believe that abortion should be legal in all or most circumstances, and 50 percent believe it should be illegal in all circumstances or except in cases of rape, incest, or to save the life of the mother. "The poll results suggest that the 'pro-choice' and 'pro-life' labels might obscure our understanding of young people's attitudes toward abortion," says Lawless. "Nearly one-third of high school students, for example, do not identify with either label. Yet their attitudes about the circumstances under which abortion should be legal are clear."

The overwhelming majority of high school (88 percent) and college (78 percent) students, however, are not "very worried" about the outlawing of abortion rights. In fact, respondents report being far more worried about war (55%), a terrorist attack (52%), global warming (44%), gun violence (36%), and illegal immigration (28%) than they are the outlawing of abortion rights.

"What emerges as striking from these poll results is the fact that the overwhelming majority of young people are not worried about the outlawing of abortion rights. Despite a presidential campaign that emphasized women's rights and reproductive freedom, more than 80 percent of high school and college students do not feel threatened. Even if we focus only on Democrats in the sample, they are more concerned about war, a terrorist attack, the environment, immigration, and gun violence," observed Lawless.

These results are based on a national sample of 2,100 college students (ages 18 through 25) and 2,166 high school students (ages 13 through 17). The poll, conducted by American University / GfK Custom Research LLC, was in the field from September 27 -- October 16, 2012, and has a margin of error of +/- 2.2 percentage points.

Key Findings from the Poll of High School and College Students:

• HIGH SCHOOL vs. COLLEGE GAP: Whereas more than half of college students (53%) consider themselves pro-choice, only about one-third of high school students self-assess this way. High school students are also twice as likely as college students not to identify with either the "pro-choice" or "pro-life" label.

• GENDER GAP: Girls and young women (46%) are somewhat more likely than their male counterparts (39%) to consider themselves "pro-choice." Women are also significantly more likely (21%) than men (13%) to report being "very worried" about the potential for outlawing abortion rights in the future.

• PARTY GAP: As is the case among the adult population, Democrats are more than twice as likely as Republicans to consider themselves pro-choice (63% compared to 25%) and more than three times as likely to believe that abortion should be legal under all circumstances (35% of Democrats compared to 10% of Republicans). Finally, 26% of Democrats are very worried about the outlawing of abortion rights, whereas only 10% of Republicans express similar concerns.

Summary of Results -- High School and College Students' Attitudes Toward Abortion High School Students College Students Total Sample Self-Identified Label Pro-Choice 32 % 53 % 42 % Pro-Life 37 33 35 Don't Know 31 15 23 Attitudes toward Legalized Abortion Should be legal under all circumstances 22 26 24 Should be legal under most circumstances 23 29 26 Should be illegal except in cases of rape, incest, and the life of the mother 40 34 37 Should be illegal in all circumstances 15 10 13 "Very worried" about outlawing abortion rights 12 22 17 Sample Size 2156 2110 4266 National poll conducted by American University / GfK Custom Research LLC, from September 27 -- October 16, 2012. Margin of error of +/- 2.2 percentage points.

According to Lawless, "The gender gap in considering oneself 'pro-choice' or 'pro-life,' as well as attitudes about legalized abortion, are similar to the gender differences recent polls uncovered in adult populations. This finding suggests that attitudes about reproductive freedom are in place relatively early in the political maturation process."