http://www.sciencedaily.com/news/computers_math/mathematical_modeling/ Math modeling. Browse research on mathematical models. Read about math models explaining the shape of the ear, stock performance, musical expression, diseases and more. en-us Sun, 07 Sep 2008 03:05:01 EDT Sun, 07 Sep 2008 03:05:01 EDT 60 http://www.sciencedaily.com/images/logosmall.gif http://www.sciencedaily.com/news/computers_math/mathematical_modeling/ For more science articles, visit ScienceDaily. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/09/080903101416.htm So-called ‘intelligent’ computer-based methods for classifying patient samples, for example, have been evaluated with the help of two methods that have completely dominated research for 25 years. Now Swedish researchers are revealing that this methodology is worthless when it comes to practical problems. Fri, 05 Sep 2008 02:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/09/080903101416.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/09/080904215621.htm Biological systems evolve in ways that increase their fitness for survival amidst environmental fluctuations and internal errors. Now researchers have found new evidence that evolution has produced cell metabolisms that are especially well suited to handle potentially harmful changes like gene deletions and mutations. The team developed a mathematical model, which could be useful in bioengineering, medicine and the design of synthetic networks, describing the cascading failure phenomenon as a percolation-like process. Thu, 04 Sep 2008 00:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/09/080904215621.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/09/080904102747.htm Computer scientists are generating new "petascale" computer models depicting detailed climate dynamics, which will build the foundation for the next generation of complex climate models. The project offers a golden opportunity for climate simulation and prediction scientists to dramatically advance Earth system science and help to improve quality of life on the planet. Thu, 04 Sep 2008 00:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/09/080904102747.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/08/080828121652.htm Humans have a natural tendency to find order in sets of information, a skill that has proven difficult to replicate in computers. Faced with a large set of data, computers don't know where to begin -- unless they're programmed to look for a specific structure, such as a hierarchy, linear order, or a set of clusters. Now, in an advance that may impact the field of artificial intelligence, a new model developed at MIT can help computers recognize patterns the same way that humans do. Thu, 28 Aug 2008 23:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/08/080828121652.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/08/080815130423.htm A case study of the 2004 US Presidential election by researchers at Yale shows that prediction markets are proving to be a strong forecasting tool, one that may have an impact in calling the current presidential contest between Democrat Senator Barack Obama and Republican Senator John McCain, according to the Management Insights feature in the current issue of Management Science. Mon, 18 Aug 2008 17:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/08/080815130423.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/08/080812160615.htm Scientists have described a new method for evaluating the frequency of hurricane formation in present and future tropical climates. Compared to other global models currently in use, the new approach uses computer models that provide much more accurate representations of the processes that lead to hurricane formation. Wed, 13 Aug 2008 05:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/08/080812160615.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/08/080811072509.htm A cure for the virus that causes AIDS may still be beyond our grasp, but researchers have developed a predictive software system for HIV that could help extend the lives of victims of the killer disease. Mon, 11 Aug 2008 14:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/08/080811072509.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080724192258.htm We've all heard it. Many of us in fact believe it. Girls just aren't as good at math as boys. But is it true? After sifting through mountains of data - including SAT results and math scores from 7 million students who were tested in accordance with the No Child Left Behind Act - a team of scientists says the answer is no. Sun, 27 Jul 2008 20:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080724192258.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080722192341.htm A new computer language for modeling biological phenomenon can "think" like cells and molecular mechanisms think, thereby simulating the dynamics of biological phenomenon. Through incorporating basic principles of engineering, the new language, called Little b, surpasses current biological modeling software in that it goes beyond simply representing biological information. It allows biologists to create programs that can reason about biological knowledge and thereby help overcome the barrier of complexity. Fri, 25 Jul 2008 08:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080722192341.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080717225716.htm Researchers have developed an intelligent computational model of the descriptive grammar of the Spanish language. This opens up new possibilities for the computational representation of languages and natural language processing applications. Tue, 22 Jul 2008 05:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080717225716.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080718074652.htm Why do humans cooperate in things as diverse as environment conservation or the creation of fairer societies, even when they don't receive anything in exchange or, worst, they might even be penalized? This is a question that has puzzled academics for centuries, especially since in evolution the basis for the "survival of the fittest" is, after all, selfishness. Mon, 21 Jul 2008 17:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080718074652.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080717174939.htm In studying how animals change size as they evolve, biologists have unearthed several interesting patterns. For instance, most species are small, but the largest members of a taxonomic group -- such as the great white shark, the Komodo dragon, or the African elephant -- are often thousands or millions of times bigger than the typical species. Now for the first time researchers explain these patterns within an elegant statistical framework. Sat, 19 Jul 2008 14:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080717174939.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080716154355.htm Will it ever be possible to buy software guaranteed to be free from bugs? A team of European researchers think so. Their work on the mathematical foundations of programming could one day revolutionize the software industry. Sat, 19 Jul 2008 14:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080716154355.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080714141308.htm A new mathematical model suggests that bluffing in prediction markets is a profitable strategy more often than previously thought. The analysis calls into question the incentives such markets create for revealing information and making accurate predictions. The researchers also pose a tactic to discourage bluffing. Wed, 16 Jul 2008 08:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080714141308.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080702141425.htm Medical researchers are using high-powered computers to determine how substances known as recombinant immunotoxins can best be modified in order to attack and kill malignant tumors while doing minimal harm to a patient's healthy cells. Mon, 07 Jul 2008 20:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080702141425.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080630173945.htm Myoglobin is responsible for oxygen storage in cells. But how does oxygen travel through the solid protein wall to be anchored by an iron atom deep within the protein? Scientists have now provided a computational solution to the decades-old puzzle. Sat, 05 Jul 2008 14:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080630173945.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080626100948.htm Scientists have developed a mathematical model to describe interactions that occur within genetic networks of an embryo, answering the age-old question of how half embryos are able to maintain their tissues and organs in the correct proportions despite being smaller than a normal sized embryo. Understanding the processes that govern embryonic cell development, may lead, in the future, to scientists being able to repair injured tissues. Fri, 27 Jun 2008 20:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080626100948.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080627163210.htm NIST has released a five-chapter preview of the much-anticipated online Digital Library of Mathematical Functions. In development for over a decade, the DLMF is designed to be a modern successor to a 1964 reference work that is the most widely distributed NIST publication and one of the most cited works in the mathematical literature. Fri, 27 Jun 2008 00:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080627163210.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080619203254.htm Swedish researchers have characterized novel systems properties of insulin signaling in human fat cells. Their mathematical modeling provides further insight into energy level maintenance (via the hormone insulin) within our bodies. Wed, 25 Jun 2008 05:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080619203254.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080624145137.htm In an effort to promote the application of mathematics to medical treatment, researchers in the University of Pittsburgh's department of mathematics will undertake a $2.5 million project to create models of how the brain and immune system function and change over time in response to certain illnesses, infections, and treatment. The models are intended to help doctors better understand and predict the possible short- and long-term responses of their patient's body to treatment. Wed, 25 Jun 2008 02:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080624145137.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080619152239.htm Researchers are developing a miniature refrigeration system small enough to fit inside laptops and personal computers, a cooling technology that would boost performance while shrinking the size of computers. Tue, 24 Jun 2008 11:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080619152239.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080619203302.htm Cells use switches for determining what kind of cell to become -- skin or blood, for instance, in responding to stress, and in communication with other cells. Researchers have now cataloged even more templates of possible switches within a living cell than we use throughout our day. Tue, 24 Jun 2008 02:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080619203302.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080623092530.htm Anticipating what is likely to be one of the most interesting elections in modern history, Researchers have assembled the insights of prominent election forecasters in a special issue of the International Journal of Forecasting. Mon, 23 Jun 2008 20:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080623092530.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080611093854.htm Quantum computing has been hailed as the next leap forward for computers, promising to catapult memory capacity and processing speeds well beyond current limits. Several challenging problems need to be cracked, however, before the dream can be fully realized. Two researchers have proposed a solution to one of the most controversial of these conundrums and, in the process, may have taken a significant step toward realizing a quantum computing future. Sun, 15 Jun 2008 20:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080611093854.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080612140031.htm Less than a week after Los Alamos National Laboratory's Roadrunner supercomputer began operating at world-record petaflop-per-second data-processing speeds, Los Alamos researchers are already using the computer to mimic extremely complex neurological processes. The code run on the machine mimics brain mechanisms underlying human sight. Sun, 15 Jun 2008 14:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080612140031.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080612080431.htm When you grab a cold beverage out of the cooler this summer, what is really going on between your brain, your eyes and your hands? Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), scientists are cataloging body parts and functions and tracing their interactions with the brain. This information is being used to create a working three-dimensional computer model of all these functions. Thu, 12 Jun 2008 20:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080612080431.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080611095251.htm Citation-based statistics, such as the impact factor, are often used to assess scientific research, but are they the best measures of research quality? Three international mathematics organizations have recently released a report, Citation Statistics, on the use of citations in assessing research quality -- a topic that is of increasing interest throughout the world's scientific community. The report is written from a mathematical perspective and strongly cautions against the over-reliance on citation statistics such as the impact factor and h-index. Wed, 11 Jun 2008 00:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080611095251.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080603100124.htm It often turns out there is more to commonplace everyday events than meets the eye. The folding of paper, or fall of water droplets from a tap, are two such events, both of which involve the creation of singularities requiring sophisticated mathematical techniques to describe, analyze and predict. Sun, 08 Jun 2008 14:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080603100124.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080605181158.htm The mathematicians were trying to extend an illustrious result in their field, the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra. The astrophysicists were working on a fundamental problem in their field, the problem of gravitational lensing. That the two groups were in fact working on the same question is both expected and unexpected: The "unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics" is well known throughout the sciences, but every new instance produces welcome insights and sheer delight. Fri, 06 Jun 2008 20:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080605181158.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080606122856.htm Developing fundamental math and mechanics to explain life processes like embryo development, cellular migration and growth could open doors to a new frontier in biology, many researchers say. Fri, 06 Jun 2008 00:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080606122856.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080604101542.htm Researchers introduce a model for predicting infectious disease outbreaks that takes into account weather and other factors. Accounting for these factors creates a more accurate model for forecasting infectious disease outbreaks and designing early warning systems. Wed, 04 Jun 2008 23:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080604101542.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080529141354.htm Scientists have taken an important step toward understanding how the human brain codes the meanings of words by creating the first computational model that can predict the unique brain activation patterns associated with names for things that you can see, hear, feel, taste or smell. The model predicts brain activation patterns for thousands of concrete nouns. Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080529141354.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080529105316.htm Jörg Willems has made an important contribution to our understanding of multi-scale problems in fluid mechanics and thermodynamics. The effects of a stroke can now be significantly alleviated with a stem cell therapy based on umbilical cord blood. Thu, 29 May 2008 00:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080529105316.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080527120211.htm A new mathematical tool could help health experts and crisis managers determine in real time whether an emerging infectious disease such as avian influenza H5N1 is poised to spread globally. Wed, 28 May 2008 05:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080527120211.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080523162916.htm Students in public schools learn as much or more math between kindergarten and fifth grade as similar students in private schools, according to a new study of multi-year, longitudinal data on nearly 10,000 students. Tue, 27 May 2008 17:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080523162916.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080522210021.htm Researchers have developed a novel, computer-based strategy to study plasma lipoprotein profiles considered a major predictor of cardiovascular disease. Lipoproteins are the "container ships" in our blood that transport lipids (fats) such as cholesterol and triglycerides to various tissues; they differ largely in size and "cargo" composition. Abnormalities in the amount of certain lipoprotein fractions are considered a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and CVD. Tue, 27 May 2008 05:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080522210021.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080521173851.htm Humans have used symmetrical patterns for thousands of years in both functional and decorative ways. Now, a new book by three mathematicians offers both math experts and enthusiasts a new way to understand symmetry and a fresh way to see the world. Sat, 24 May 2008 20:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080521173851.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080522210025.htm A statistical approach to studying genetic variation promises to shed new light on the history of human migration. Application of the method has already turned up such surprising findings as a strong Mongolian contribution to the genes of the Native American Pima people and gene flow from the north of Europe to Eastern Siberia. Sat, 24 May 2008 08:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080522210025.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080521120508.htm Sophisticated mathematical modeling methods and a "CatCam" that captures feline-centric video of a forest are two elements of a new effort to explain how the brain's visual circuitry processes real scenes. The new model of the neural responses of a major visual-processing brain region promises to significantly advance understanding of vision. Thu, 22 May 2008 20:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080521120508.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080515145334.htm Upgrades to Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Jaguar supercomputer have more than doubled its performance, increasing the system's ability to deliver far-reaching advances in climate studies, energy research and a wide range of sciences. Mon, 19 May 2008 02:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080515145334.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080507105644.htm A new way to measure breathing patterns in sleeping infants which may also work for adults has just been created. The researcher has created a mathematical formula that measures varying breathing patterns which indicate different sleep states such as active or quiet sleep. Wed, 07 May 2008 20:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080507105644.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080506124443.htm Three researchers have proposed an innovative way to improve global climate change predictions by using a supercomputer with low-power embedded microprocessors, an approach that would overcome limitations posed by today's conventional supercomputers. Wed, 07 May 2008 11:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080506124443.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080506115826.htm Scientists have developed a new method for simulating turbulent fluids, which will open up new perspectives in the field of astrophysics. Turbulence is worth studying, because of the fundamental role that it plays in astrophysics. Turbulence is frequently modelled by Large Eddy Simulations (LES), where the dynamics of turbulent eddies are computed on large scales, while a subgrid scale model approximates the influence of smaller eddies. In astrophysics the LES approach is challenged, because gravity and thermal processes break the scale-invariance employed in LES over a wide range of scales. Wed, 07 May 2008 02:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080506115826.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080505074759.htm As many parents know, it's often easier to keep your kids under control by exerting less authority rather than more. A child who fidgets uncontrollably in a confining booster seat, for example, may be perfectly content on a plain old chair. Physicists have found that the same is true in controlling the movement of particles suspended in liquids. What's more, they speculate that many microscopic systems, macroscopic ecosystems, and human social systems may respond to a gentle touch for the very same mathematical reasons. Mon, 05 May 2008 17:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080505074759.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080502094232.htm The latest results from the National Science Foundation's Math and Science Partnership program show not only improved proficiency among all elementary and middle school students, but also a closing of the achievement gaps between both African-American and Hispanic students and white students in elementary school math, and between African-American and white students in elementary and middle-school science. Mon, 05 May 2008 05:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080502094232.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/04/080430152030.htm Climate scientists using computer models to simulate the 1930s Dust Bowl on the US Great Plains have found that dust raised by farmers probably amplified and spread a natural drop in rainfall, turning an ordinary drying cycle into an agricultural collapse. The researcher say the study raises concern that current pressures on farmland from population growth and climate change could worsen current food crises by leading to similar events in other regions. Sun, 04 May 2008 14:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/04/080430152030.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080501125414.htm Researchers show that many real-world networks can be understood as a hierarchy of modules, where nodes cluster together to form modules, which themselves cluster into larger modules -- arrangements similar to the organization of sports players into teams, teams into conferences, and conferences into leagues, for example. Sat, 03 May 2008 08:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080501125414.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/04/080424140410.htm A new study challenges the common practice in many classrooms of teaching mathematical concepts by using "real-world," concrete examples. Researchers found that college students who learned a mathematical concept with concrete examples couldn't apply that knowledge to new situations. Fri, 25 Apr 2008 17:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/04/080424140410.htm