http://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/women's_health/ Women's health and fitness. Information on women's health issues such as sexual health, birth control, pregnancy and healthy aging. Updated daily. en-us Fri, 24 May 2013 23:09:51 EDT Fri, 24 May 2013 23:09:51 EDT 60 http://www.sciencedaily.com/images/logosmall.gif http://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/women's_health/ For more science articles, visit ScienceDaily. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130524104638.htm The British Menopause Society and Women's Health Concern have released updated guidelines on Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) to provide clarity around the role of HRT, the benefits and the risks. The new guidelines appear in the society's flagship title, Menopause International, published by SAGE. Fri, 24 May 2013 10:46:46 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130524104638.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130524104054.htm Biological processes are generally based on events at the molecular and cellular level. To understand what happens in the course of infections, diseases or normal bodily functions, scientists would need to examine individual cells and their activity directly in the tissue. The development of new microscopes and fluorescent dyes in recent years has brought this scientific dream tantalizingly close. Scientists from the Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology in Martinsried have now presented two studies introducing new indicator molecules which can visualize the activation of T cells. Their findings provide new insight into the role of these cells in the autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis (MS). The new indicators are set to be an important tool in the study of other immune reactions as well. Fri, 24 May 2013 10:40:40 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130524104054.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130523180316.htm Medical researchers have developed a new screening method that uses urinalysis to diagnose breast cancer – and determine its severity – before it could be detected with a mammogram. Thu, 23 May 2013 18:03:03 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130523180316.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130522141839.htm In a series of lab experiments designed to unravel the workings of a key enzyme widely considered a possible trigger of rheumatoid arthritis, researchers have found that in the most severe cases of the disease, the immune system makes a unique subset of antibodies that have a disease-promoting role. Wed, 22 May 2013 14:18:18 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130522141839.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130522130958.htm Taking a calcium supplement of up to 1,000 mg per day can help women live longer, according to a recent study. Wed, 22 May 2013 13:09:09 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130522130958.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130521105059.htm Positively charged gold nanoparticles are usually toxic to cells, but cancer cells somehow manage to avoid nanoparticle toxicity. Researchers found out why and determined how to make the nanoparticles effective against ovarian cancer cells. Tue, 21 May 2013 10:50:50 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130521105059.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130516123914.htm In our interaction with our environment we constantly refer to past experiences stored as memories to guide behavioral decisions. But how memories are formed, stored and then retrieved to assist decision-making remains a mystery. By observing whole-brain activity in live zebrafish, researchers have visualized for the first time how information stored as long-term memory in the cerebral cortex is processed to guide behavioral choices. Thu, 16 May 2013 12:39:39 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130516123914.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130514213152.htm A combination of two FDA-approved osteoporosis drugs with different mechanisms of action was found to increase bone density better than treatment with either drug alone in a small clinical trial. Tue, 14 May 2013 21:31:31 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130514213152.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130514185330.htm Having a hysterectomy with or without ovary removal in mid-life does not increase a woman's risk of cardiovascular disease compared to women who reach natural menopause, contrary to many previously reported studies, according to new research. Tue, 14 May 2013 18:53:53 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130514185330.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130514135409.htm A new study has found that low-income and minority parents may be more receptive to vaccinating their daughters against Human Papillomavirus, while white, middle-class parents are more likely to defer the vaccination. Tue, 14 May 2013 13:54:54 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130514135409.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130509123653.htm Despite previous scientific studies that suggest diabetes drug metformin has anti-cancer properties, a new, first-of-its-kind study has found the drug may not actually improve survival rates after breast cancer in certain patients. Thu, 09 May 2013 12:36:36 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130509123653.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130509091219.htm Breast cancer patients who say they have people with whom they have a good time, or have "positive social interactions" with, are better able to deal with pain and other physical symptoms, according to a new study. Thu, 09 May 2013 09:12:12 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130509091219.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130507061143.htm Physical activity may reduce breast cancer risk by altering estrogen metabolism. Women who did aerobic exercises had an increased ratio of "good" to "bad" metabolites of estrogen. Tue, 07 May 2013 06:11:11 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130507061143.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130505145807.htm Researchers have discovered why breast cancer patients with dense breasts are more likely than others to develop aggressive tumors that spread. The finding opens the door to drug treatments that prevent metastasis. Sun, 05 May 2013 14:58:58 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130505145807.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130505073731.htm Parents are advised to make sure their children drink milk and eat other calcium-rich foods to build strong bones. Soon, they also may be urged to make sure their kids eat salmon, almonds and other foods high in magnesium -- another nutrient that may play an important role in bone health, according to a new study. Sun, 05 May 2013 07:37:37 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130505073731.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130502142657.htm Patients with increasing buildups of coronary artery calcium face a six-fold increase in risk of heart attack or death from heart disease. Thu, 02 May 2013 14:26:26 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130502142657.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130502120439.htm The HPV vaccine can prevent both cervical cancer and a nasty sexually transmitted disease in women. But emphasizing the STD prevention will persuade more young women to get the vaccine. Thu, 02 May 2013 12:04:04 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130502120439.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130430194314.htm Hormone replacement therapy significantly improves muscle function -- down to the muscle fiber level -- in postmenopausal women, a new study. Tue, 30 Apr 2013 19:43:43 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130430194314.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130430194312.htm Cosmetic breast implants seem to adversely affect the survival of women who are subsequently diagnosed with breast cancer, finds a small study. Tue, 30 Apr 2013 19:43:43 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130430194312.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130430105720.htm With the number of doses and cost of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines a barrier to global implementation, researchers have found that girls who received two doses of HPV vaccine had immune responses to HPV-16 and HPV-18 infection that were not worse than the responses for young women who received three doses, according to a new study. Tue, 30 Apr 2013 10:57:57 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130430105720.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130429210854.htm Identification of genetic variations in the genes coding for the hormone FSH may provide new treatments for male and female infertility, according to new work. Scientists have characterized gene variations which may improve treatment for almost half of infertile men, as well as allowing tailored treatment for women undergoing assisted reproduction. Mon, 29 Apr 2013 21:08:08 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130429210854.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130429164917.htm A new study presents new methods to evaluate how astrocytes contribute to brain function, paving the way for future exploration of these important brain cells at unprecedented levels of detail. Mon, 29 Apr 2013 16:49:49 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130429164917.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130429154109.htm An analysis that integrates three large sets of genomic data available through The Cancer Genome Atlas has identified 37 RNA molecules that might predict survival in patients with the most common form of breast cancer. The study analyzed large masses of data from 466 cases of the most common type of breast cancer and provides the first prognostic signature in cancer composed of both mRNA and microRNA. Mon, 29 Apr 2013 15:41:41 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130429154109.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130428230427.htm Being pregnant while young is known to protect a women against breast cancer. But why? New research finds that Wnt/Notch signalling ratio is decreased in the breast tissue of mice which have given birth, compared to virgin mice of the same age. Sun, 28 Apr 2013 23:04:04 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130428230427.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130425091345.htm Drinking coffee could decrease the risk of breast cancer recurring in patients taking the widely used drug Tamoxifen, a study has found. Patients who took the pill, along with two or more cups of coffee daily, reported less than half the rate of cancer recurrence, compared with their Tamoxifen-taking counterparts who drank one cup or less. Thu, 25 Apr 2013 09:13:13 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130425091345.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130424081325.htm Scientists have discovered how a protein within the malaria parasite is essential to its survival as it develops inside a mosquito. They believe their findings identify this protein as a potential new target for drug treatments to prevent malaria being passed to humans. The researchers found that when this protein – a transporter responsible for controlling the level of calcium inside cells – is absent during the parasite’s sexual reproduction stages inside a mosquito, the parasite dies before developing fully. Wed, 24 Apr 2013 08:13:13 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130424081325.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130423211830.htm Microwave imaging can be used to monitor how well treatment for breast cancer is working, finds new research. Microwave tomography was able to distinguish between breast cancer, benign growths, and normal tissue. Tue, 23 Apr 2013 21:18:18 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130423211830.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130423135712.htm Tamoxifen is a time-honored breast cancer drug used to treat millions of women with early-stage and less-aggressive disease, and now medical researchers have shown how to exploit tamoxifen's secondary activities so that it might work on more aggressive breast cancer. Tue, 23 Apr 2013 13:57:57 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130423135712.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130422175704.htm Researchers have developed a method for assessing the effect of tamoxifen, a common drug to prevent the relapse of breast cancer. The key lies in monitoring changes in the proportion of dense tissue, which appears white on a mammogram, during treatment. Women who show a pronounced reduction in breast density during tamoxifen treatment have a fifty percent reduction in breast cancer mortality. Mon, 22 Apr 2013 17:57:57 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130422175704.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130422154837.htm The disrupted metabolism of sugar, fat and calcium is part of the process that causes the death of neurons in Alzheimer’s disease. Researchers have now shown, for the first time, how important parts of the nerve cell that are involved in the cell’s energy metabolism operate in the early stages of the disease. These somewhat surprising results shed new light on how neuronal metabolism relates to the development of the disease. Mon, 22 Apr 2013 15:48:48 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130422154837.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130422111107.htm Four years ago, Janelly Martinez-Amador was confined to a bed, unable to move even an arm or lift her head. At age 3, the fragile toddler had the gross motor skills of a newborn and a ventilator kept her alive. She was born with thin, fragile bones, and by 3, she had no visible bones on X-rays. Initially, doctors weren't sure she would survive her first birthday. In May, Janelly will turn 7, and is developing bone with the help of an experimental drug therapy. Mon, 22 Apr 2013 11:11:11 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130422111107.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130422101258.htm Scientists have been the first to detect cancer cells that can initiate metastasis in the blood of breast cancer patients. Patients with large numbers of these cells found in their blood show a rather unfavorable disease progression. The characteristic surface molecules of these cells may therefore be used as a biomarker for disease progression or as targets for specific therapies for patients with advanced breast cancer. Mon, 22 Apr 2013 10:12:12 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130422101258.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130421151610.htm Regular use of low-dose aspirin may prevent the progression of breast cancer, according to a new study. Sun, 21 Apr 2013 15:16:16 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130421151610.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130420110653.htm One in three female marathon runners is likely to suffer breast pain (mastalgia) during the course of the event, suggests new research. Sat, 20 Apr 2013 11:06:06 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130420110653.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130419132613.htm Researchers have shown a statistically significant association between neuropsychological (NP) test performance and memory complaints in post-treatment, early stage breast cancer patients. Patient-reported memory difficulties were also associated with having received chemotherapy and radiation and depressive symptoms in one of the first studies to show patient complaints of cognitive problems after breast cancer treatment (chemo brain) associates with NP test performance. Fri, 19 Apr 2013 13:26:26 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130419132613.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130418214045.htm The proportion of young women diagnosed with genital warts in Australia has seen a significant decline thanks to the HPV vaccine, suggests a new article. Thu, 18 Apr 2013 21:40:40 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130418214045.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130417164628.htm Although the drug zoledronic acid slows bone loss in osteoporosis patients, it also boosts levels of a biomarker that stops bone formation, according to a recent study. Wed, 17 Apr 2013 16:46:46 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130417164628.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130416132811.htm KISS 1 is a metastasis-suppressor gene which helps to prevent the spread of cancers, including melanoma, pancreatic and ovarian cancers to name a few. But new research shows that kisspeptins -- peptide products of KISS1, actually make some breast cancers worse, with a higher tumor grade and metastatic potential. Tue, 16 Apr 2013 13:28:28 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130416132811.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130416102328.htm A costly and widely used mammography add-on increases detection of noninvasive and early-stage invasive breast cancer but also makes more mistakes than mammography alone, researchers have found. Tue, 16 Apr 2013 10:23:23 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130416102328.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130415124817.htm Men with a common condition that causes frequent nighttime trips to the bathroom can get relief with a minimally invasive treatment that shrinks the prostate, suggests a new study. The early findings hail from the first prospective US trial of prostatic artery embolization, which reduces blood flow to the prostate, thus shrinking it. Mon, 15 Apr 2013 12:48:48 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130415124817.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130415094453.htm Women who had sufficient amounts of vitamin D were 32 percent less likely to develop fibroids than women with insufficient vitamin D, according to a new study. Mon, 15 Apr 2013 09:44:44 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130415094453.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130410082417.htm Certain types of papilloma virus might actually prevent cervical cancer, according to a new study. Wed, 10 Apr 2013 08:24:24 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130410082417.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130409173500.htm Hardening of the arteries, or atherosclerosis, is the primary cause of heart disease. It's caused by calcium accumulation in the blood vessels, which leads to obstruction of blood flow and heart complications. Although many risk factors for atherosclerosis have been identified, the cause isn't known and there's currently no way to reverse it once it sets in. In a new study, researchers have characterized the cells responsible for driving this calcium build-up in vessel walls. Tue, 09 Apr 2013 17:35:35 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130409173500.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130409144839.htm Excess estrogen levels during pregnancy can disable, in their daughters, a powerful breast cancer tumor suppressor gene, say researchers. They found the DNA repair gene BRCA1 to be silenced in one year-old girls exposed to a high hormonal fetal environment. Tue, 09 Apr 2013 14:48:48 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130409144839.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130408172023.htm Although previous research has linked alcohol consumption to an increased risk of developing breast cancer, a new study has found that drinking before and after diagnosis does not impact survival from the disease. In fact, a modest survival benefit was found in women who were moderate drinkers before and after diagnosis due to a reduced risk of dying from cardiovascular disease, a major cause of mortality among breast cancer survivors. Mon, 08 Apr 2013 17:20:20 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130408172023.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130408133016.htm Only 53 percent of newly diagnosed breast cancer patients who were at high risk of carrying a BRCA 1 or BRCA 2 mutation – based on age, diagnosis, and family history of breast or ovarian cancer – reported that their doctors urged them to be tested for the genes. Mon, 08 Apr 2013 13:30:30 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130408133016.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130408084848.htm Although mammography, the gold standard of breast cancer screening, reduces breast cancer mortality, it has important limitations. Critics point to reduced sensitivity for women with dense breasts, a high rate of false positives leading to excessive biopsies, and concerns about long-term effects of repeated radiation. With greater understanding of risk stratification, the authors of this review envision a re-thinking of the typical breast cancer paradigm to include new technologies that allow a more individualized approach that integrates patient-specific metrics, such as age, breast density, and personal preference. Mon, 08 Apr 2013 08:48:48 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130408084848.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130407133237.htm Women with HIV acquire cancer-causing forms of the human papillomavirus that are not included in the current HPV vaccines Gardasil and Cervarix, according to new research. Sun, 07 Apr 2013 13:32:32 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130407133237.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130407132922.htm What was in Dr. F. G. Johnson’s French Female Pills and other scientifically untested elixirs, nostrums and other quack cures that were the only medicines available to sick people during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries? Sun, 07 Apr 2013 13:29:29 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130407132922.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130407090734.htm Kidney stones usually make their presence known suddenly, often sending a person to the hospital in excruciating pain. New research identifies an important role zinc plays in the disease process. Sun, 07 Apr 2013 09:07:07 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130407090734.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130407090639.htm For women with metastatic, HER2-positive breast cancer, the amount of HER2 on their tumor might determine how much they benefit from a drug called trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), according to data from a subanalysis of the phase III clinical trial that led the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to approve the drug on Feb. 22, 2013. Sun, 07 Apr 2013 09:06:06 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130407090639.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130407090636.htm Black women with breast cancer had significantly worse survival compared with other racial and ethnic groups across cancer subtypes, which suggests that the survival differences are not solely attributable to the fact that black women are more frequently diagnosed with less treatable breast cancer subtypes, according to new data. Sun, 07 Apr 2013 09:06:06 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130407090636.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130405064434.htm Researchers predict that advancements in breast cancer screening will need a personalized touch because mammography is not a "one strategy fits all" technology. Fri, 05 Apr 2013 06:44:44 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130405064434.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130404135200.htm The link between obesity and cancer seems now well established although the molecular mechanisms underlying this connection are still largely unexplored. Scientists have ow studied the correlation between breast cancer and insulin resistance — an obesity-related condition in which certain cells fail to respond to the glucose-lowering action of the insulin hormone. Thu, 04 Apr 2013 13:52:52 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130404135200.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130403154302.htm Researchers have determined that the overexpression of microRNA-155 (miR-155), a short, single strand of ribonucleic acid encoded by the miR-155 host gene, promotes the growth of blood vessels in tumors, tumor inflammation, and metastasis. As a therapeutic target, miR-155 could potentially provide a new avenue of treatment when targeted with drugs to suppress its activity. Wed, 03 Apr 2013 15:43:43 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130403154302.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130403122017.htm Researchers have discovered an injectable protein that reverses symptoms of two dangerous gynecological conditions, endometriosis and overian hyperstimulation syndrome. Because there are currently no treatment options for women suffering from these diseases, this breakthrough promises long-awaited relief from severe abdominal pain and infertility issues. Wed, 03 Apr 2013 12:20:20 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130403122017.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130403112648.htm Depression, anxiety, and smoking are associated with lower bone mineral density (BMD) in adults, but these factors have not previously been studied during adolescence, when more than 50% of bone accrual occurs. This longitudinal preliminary study is the first to demonstrate that smoking and depressive symptoms in adolescent girls have a negative impact on adolescent bone accrual and may become a red flag for a future constrained by low bone mass or osteoporosis and higher fracture rates in postmenopausal years. Wed, 03 Apr 2013 11:26:26 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130403112648.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130403092652.htm Women who have hypertensive diseases during pregnancy seem to be at higher risk of having troublesome hot flashes and night sweats at menopause, report researchers from the Netherlands. Wed, 03 Apr 2013 09:26:26 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130403092652.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130401151035.htm A team of international cancer researchers has identified the signalling pathway that is over-activated in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells that are resistant to hormone therapies such as tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors or fulvestrant. Mon, 01 Apr 2013 15:10:10 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130401151035.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/03/130329161238.htm Estrogen plus progestin use is linked with increased breast cancer incidence. In addition, prognosis is similar for both users and nonusers of combined hormone therapy, suggesting that mortality from breast cancer may be higher for hormone therapy users as well, according to a new study. Fri, 29 Mar 2013 16:12:12 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/03/130329161238.htm