http://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/microarrays/ Microarray Technology. DNA chips, lab-on-a-chip, microarrays and more. Read all the latest discoveries and research news here. Full-text, images, free. en-us Wed, 25 Nov 2009 17:05:01 EST Wed, 25 Nov 2009 17:05:01 EST 60 http://www.sciencedaily.com/images/logosmall.gif http://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/microarrays/ For more science articles, visit ScienceDaily. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091118092623.htm Researchers have created a novel and simple way to analyze samples that are complex mixtures -- such as whole milk, blood serum and dirt in solution -- by adapting a new separation technique called gradient elution moving boundary electrophoresis. Wed, 25 Nov 2009 11:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091118092623.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091118143223.htm Just as fly paper captures insects, an innovative new device with nano-sized features is able to grab cancer cells in the blood that have broken off from a tumor. These cells, known as circulating tumor cells, or CTCs, can provide critical information for examining and diagnosing cancer metastasis, determining patient prognosis, and monitoring the effectiveness of therapies. Thu, 19 Nov 2009 20:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091118143223.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091118092626.htm Researchers have developed a new, inexpensive, reusable and highly efficient microfluidic connector. The connector employs a ring magnet with a O-ring gasket on its bottom and a tube in its center set directly atop the inlet or outlet port of a microfluidic channel embedded in a glass chip. A disc magnet on the underside of the chip holds the first magnet -- and its tubing -- securely in place. Thu, 19 Nov 2009 08:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091118092626.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091104123029.htm Engineering researchers have fabricated a palm-sized, automated, micro-injector that can insert proteins, DNA and other biomolecules into individual cells at volumes exponentially higher than current procedures, and at a fraction of the cost. This will allow scientists to vastly increase preclinical trials for drug development and genetic engineering, and provide greater control of the process. Thu, 12 Nov 2009 11:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091104123029.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091112103423.htm A new project has resulted in much improved design methods for high performance silicon chips. Leading semiconductor chipmakers, electronic circuit developers and design automation equipment manufacturers worked closely together to tackle a series of problems much earlier in the design phase and so enhance integrated circuit design approaches. Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091112103423.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091111111301.htm A unique microchip with microscopic nail structures enable close communication between the electronics and biological cells. The new chip is a mass-producible, easy-to-use tool in electrophysiology research, for example for fundamental research on the functioning and dysfunctioning of the brain. Each micronail structure serves as a close contact-point for one cell, and contains an electrode that can very accurately record and trigger in real-time the electrical activity of an individual electrogenic cell in a network. Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091111111301.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/091008133321.htm European researchers have achieved a major milestone in the development of a lab-on-chip for the detection and therapy evaluation of breast cancer. This is the first time that a lab-on-chip system including many complex sample preparation steps and multiplexed detection was conceived and is being implemented. All modules for sample preprocessing and detection are ready for further miniaturization and integration in a single lab-on-chip platform. The system will be clinically validated in a breast cancer therapy study in Oslo. Wed, 28 Oct 2009 17:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/091008133321.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/091022064747.htm Researchers in Germany have developed a new test process -- using lab-on-a-chip technology -- for establishing whether or not a cancer patient's tumor cells will respond to a particular drug. Such sensor biochips could potentially be used in the future to aid in rapid identification of the most effective medication for individual patients. Thu, 22 Oct 2009 17:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/091022064747.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/091015133117.htm In the quest for smaller, faster computer chips, researchers are increasingly turning to quantum mechanics -- the exotic physics of the small. The problem: the manufacturing techniques required to make quantum devices have been equally exotic. That is, until now. Sat, 17 Oct 2009 17:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/091015133117.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/091001101504.htm New chip-based blood analysis takes just a few minutes and the doctor knows straight-away whether there are any pathogens in the blood. An improved marker-free technique provides the basis for faster analysis, whether in a hospital or for mobile blood donations. Wed, 14 Oct 2009 23:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/091001101504.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/09/090928095345.htm Researchers have used nanomaterials to develop a microchip sensitive enough to quickly determine the type and severity of a patient's cancer so that the disease can be detected earlier for more effective treatment. Wed, 30 Sep 2009 11:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/09/090928095345.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/09/090929004201.htm Inspired by James Clerk Maxwell's findings, first expounded in the 1850s, a physicist is reintroducing the idea of using a "fish-eye" lens -- a lens that can work in any direction -- to create the perfect image. Tue, 29 Sep 2009 14:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/09/090929004201.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/09/090922123931.htm Understanding precisely how fluid boils in tiny "microchannels" has led to formulas and models that will help engineers design systems to cool high-power electronics in electric and hybrid cars, aircraft, computers and other devices. Wed, 23 Sep 2009 14:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/09/090922123931.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/09/090909103124.htm Advances have brought graphite's potential as a mass data storage medium a step closer to reality and created the potential for reprogrammable gate arrays that could bring about a revolution in integrated circuit logic design. Sun, 13 Sep 2009 17:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/09/090909103124.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/09/090909111626.htm Researchers have proposed a mathematical tweak that improves the accuracy of a temperature measurement technique used to monitor critical temperatures in microfludic devices used for tasks such as medical diagnostics and DNA forensics. Fri, 11 Sep 2009 02:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/09/090909111626.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/08/090826110120.htm Researchers are reporting development of a new electronic sensor that shows promise as a faster, less expensive, and more practical alternative than tests now used to detect DNA. Such tests are done for criminal investigation, disease diagnosis, and other purposes. The new lab-on-a-chip test could lead to wider, more convenient use of DNA testing, the researchers say. Thu, 03 Sep 2009 17:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/08/090826110120.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/08/090825103225.htm A hand-held device could offer point-of-care blood cell analysis in doctors' surgeries. The chip within the device uses microfluidics -- a set of technologies that control the flow of minute amounts of liquids -- to measure a number of different cells in the blood. Sat, 29 Aug 2009 05:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/08/090825103225.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/08/090826152812.htm Scientists have found a simple method of sandwiching organic molecules between silicon and metal, two materials fundamental to electronic components. By doing so, they may have overcome one of the principal obstacles in creating switches made from individual molecules. Fri, 28 Aug 2009 17:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/08/090826152812.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/08/090826113825.htm A novel electronic sensor array for more rapid, accurate and cost-efficient testing of DNA for disease diagnosis and biological research has shown "excellent" sensitivity at detecting trace amounts of DNA. Fri, 28 Aug 2009 05:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/08/090826113825.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/08/090825171631.htm Engineers are using a popular children's toy to visualize the behavior of particles, cells and molecules in environments too small to see with the naked eye. These researchers are arranging little LEGO pieces shaped like pegs to recreate microscopic activity taking place inside lab-on-a-chip devices at a scale they can more easily observe. Wed, 26 Aug 2009 17:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/08/090825171631.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/07/090729210454.htm Recent research into the properties of graphene nanoribbons provides two new reasons for using the material as interconnects in future computer chips. In widths as narrow as 16 nanometers, graphene has a current carrying capacity approximately a thousand times greater than copper -- while providing improved thermal conductivity. Sat, 15 Aug 2009 17:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/07/090729210454.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/07/090729140243.htm Powerful new radio technologies that promise blisteringly fast WiFi have been given a boost by a team of researchers’ cutting-edge work on miniscule microchips. Thu, 13 Aug 2009 08:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/07/090729140243.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/07/090729103732.htm Scientists are reporting assembly of the first functioning prototype of an artificial Golgi organelle. That key structure inside cells helps process and package hormones, enzymes, and other substances that allow the body to function normally. Mon, 03 Aug 2009 11:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/07/090729103732.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/06/090624093738.htm Biochips carrying thousands of DNA fragments are widely used for examining genetic material. Experts would also like to have biochips on which proteins are anchored. This requires a gel layer which can now be produced industrially. Thu, 23 Jul 2009 23:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/06/090624093738.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/07/090722120835.htm Music, rather than electromechanical valves, can drive experimental samples through a lab-on-a-chip in a new system. This development could significantly simplify the process of conducting experiments in microfluidic devices. Thu, 23 Jul 2009 11:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/07/090722120835.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/07/090715095241.htm A portable 'lab on a chip' that can identify target molecules in blood samples has been created. It is being used to measure fertility hormones and detect the genes associated with certain types of cancer. Much of modern medicine relies on the testing of blood and other samples for key molecules that confirm the presence of a specific disease or other disorder. Samples need to be sent to a laboratory and it may be several days before the result comes back. Wouldn't it be better if the result were available within a few minutes of the sample being taken, while the patient is still there with the doctor? Thu, 16 Jul 2009 20:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/07/090715095241.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/07/090702170126.htm A new type of optical particle trap can be used to manipulate bacteria, viruses and other particles on a chip as part of an integrated optofluidic platform. Mon, 06 Jul 2009 08:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/07/090702170126.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/06/090630163113.htm Researchers have devised a microscale tool to help them understand the mechanical behavior of biofilms, slimy colonies of bacteria involved in most human infectious diseases. Fri, 03 Jul 2009 11:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/06/090630163113.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/05/090511164605.htm Like tiny Jedi knights, tunable fluidic micro lenses can focus and direct light at will to count cells, evaluate molecules or create on-chip optical tweezers, according to engineers. They may also provide imaging in medical devices, eliminating the necessity and discomfort of moving the tip of a probe. Thu, 14 May 2009 11:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/05/090511164605.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/04/090422103741.htm A new, extremely energy-efficient processor chip provides breakthrough speeds for a variety of computing tasks. The chip, dubbed AsAP, is ultra-small, fully reprogrammable and highly configurable, so it can be widely adapted to a number of applications. Fri, 24 Apr 2009 08:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/04/090422103741.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/04/090422121945.htm Technology is struggling to meet demands for high-performance, specialised computing systems. A European consortium is responding with a new kind of reconfigurable chip that is both efficient and flexible. Fri, 24 Apr 2009 05:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/04/090422121945.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/03/090324081443.htm New research findings could lead to microchips that operate at much higher speeds than is possible with today's standard silicon chips, leading to cell phones and other communications systems that can transmit data much faster. Mon, 30 Mar 2009 11:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/03/090324081443.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/03/090318122004.htm Engineers have invented a method to help figure out how cancer cells break free from neighboring tissue, an "escape" that can spread the disease to other parts of the body. Wed, 25 Mar 2009 11:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/03/090318122004.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/03/090310084844.htm Technologists have created a new 3D integration process enabling flexible electronic systems with a thickness of less than 60 micrometer. This ultra-thin chip package (UTCP) technology allows integrating complete systems in a conventional low-cost flex substrate. This paves the way to low-cost, unobtrusive wearable electronics for e.g. wearable health and comfort monitoring. Tue, 17 Mar 2009 08:00:00 EDT http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/03/090310084844.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/02/090217125732.htm For centuries, animals have been our first line of defense against toxins. A canary in a coalmine served as a living monitor for poisonous gases. Scientists used fish to test for contaminants in our water. Even with modern advances, though, it can take days to detect a fatal chemical or organism. Until now. Working in the miniaturized world of nanotechnology, researchers have made an enormous -- and humane -- leap forward in the detection of pollutants. Wed, 18 Feb 2009 14:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/02/090217125732.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/02/090203142523.htm Scientists are developing a sensor system for biomolecules that could make a significant contribution to a variety of fields such as healthcare, veterinary diagnostics, food safety, environmental testing, and national security. Wed, 18 Feb 2009 05:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/02/090203142523.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/02/090204174314.htm A DNA microarray may help scientists learn how to preserve coral, one of the ocean's most important denizens. The technology tracks changes in microbial populations that indicate coral disease. Mon, 09 Feb 2009 14:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/02/090204174314.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/01/090122161953.htm Rapid transfer of a high-definition movie from a PC to a cell phone -- plus a host of other media and data possibilities -- is approaching reality. Mon, 26 Jan 2009 17:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/01/090122161953.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/01/090119081352.htm Exposing silicon wafers to light during chip manufacture requires special fixtures called chucks. Novel electrostatic chucks made of glass ceramics are incredibly flat. This prevents structural distortions on the exposure mask and the silicon chip. Fri, 23 Jan 2009 02:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/01/090119081352.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/01/090115164520.htm A handheld, ultra-portable device that can recognize and immediately report on a wide variety of environmental or medical compounds may eventually be possible, using a method that incorporates a mixture of biologically tagged nanowires onto integrated circuit chips, according to researchers. Sat, 17 Jan 2009 14:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/01/090115164520.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/01/090114210651.htm In a finding straight out of science fiction, chemical and biomolecular engineers in Maryland are describing development of microscopic, chemically triggered robotic "hands" that can pick up and move small objects. They could be used in laboratory-on-a-chip applications, reconfigurable microfluidic systems, and micromanufacturing, the researchers say. Fri, 16 Jan 2009 08:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/01/090114210651.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/12/081218054635.htm Engineers have built a device that gives them an unprecedented view of three-dimensional cell growth and migration, including the formation of blood vessels and the spread of tumor cells. Tue, 23 Dec 2008 17:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/12/081218054635.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/12/081209154935.htm A group of scientists at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology has fabricated a working computer chip that is almost completely clear -- the first of its kind. The new technology is called transparent resistive random access memory. Sat, 13 Dec 2008 20:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/12/081209154935.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/12/081202081455.htm If doctors were able to conduct efficient genetic analysis at the point of care, using inexpensive, portable equipment, it would revolutionize disease detection and treatment. Researchers are close to enabling this revolution. Wed, 10 Dec 2008 08:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/12/081202081455.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/12/081202115159.htm Remote-controlled with a magnetic field, aggregates of plastic particles on a microchip function like stirrers and pumps. Tue, 09 Dec 2008 11:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/12/081202115159.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/12/081202081540.htm Researchers have developed a promising solution to ‘mask-less’ semiconductor lithography and generated intense interest among major industry players. Tue, 09 Dec 2008 08:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/12/081202081540.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/12/081202115656.htm Researchers have developed a prototype blood scanner that can find cancer markers in the bloodstream in early stages of the disease, potentially allowing for earlier treatment and dramatically improved chances of survival. The system based on MagArray biodetection chips can find cancer-associated proteins in a blood serum sample in less than an hour, and with much greater sensitivity than existing commercial devices. Fri, 05 Dec 2008 14:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/12/081202115656.htm http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/11/081125141612.htm A new "barcode chip" promises to revolutionize diagnostic medical testing. In less than 10 minutes, and using just a pinprick's worth of blood, the chip can measure the concentrations of dozens of proteins, including those that herald the presence of diseases like cancer and heart disease. Wed, 26 Nov 2008 14:00:00 EST http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/11/081125141612.htm