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How much last year's teacher affects this year’s test scores: Most value-added impact from teachers fades within one year, study finds

Date:
November 16, 2010
Source:
Brigham Young University
Summary:
Given the trend to evaluate teachers based on their students' test scores, a new study answers whether teachers rated as high "value-added" put students on a better trajectory long-term.
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The impact a specific schoolteacher has on students' math and reading scores -- whether bad or good -- fades quite fast, according to a new study by researchers at Brigham Young University and the University of Michigan.

A recent trend in public education is to measure teacher quality based on how the students fared on standardized tests compared to previous years. If most of Mr. Green's current 5th grade students score at a higher percentile than they did as 4th graders, then Mr. Green gets what's called a high "value-added" rating.

In August, The Los Angeles Times shined the spotlight on this approach by publishing rankings for 6,000 L.A. schoolteachers based on value-added analysis.

The new study instead measured whether teachers like Mr. Green put students on a higher trajectory in the years to come. The researchers report that most of the gains from a highly rated teacher vanish quickly. In reading, 87 percent of the benefit fades after one year. In math, 73 percent of the gains fade after one year.

"People are looking for a silver bullet to fix public education," said BYU economics professor Lars Lefgren. "We've shown that the benefits are mostly transitory, so you don't want to sacrifice everything else you might value in a teacher just for value added to test scores."

Lefgren and fellow BYU economist David Sims co-authored the study with the University of Michigan's Brian Jacob for The Journal of Human Resources. Their analysis included eight years of data from 1.3 million student test scores in North Carolina schools.

While the news may sound depressing, the report offers this silver lining: The effect of having a crummy teacher doesn't last long either.

"You probably won't be scarred from having an incompetent teacher like me," Lefgren joked.


Story Source:

Materials provided by Brigham Young University. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Jacob, Brian A., Lars Lefgren, and David P. Sims. The Persistence of Teacher-Induced Learning. Journal of Human Resources, 2010; 45 (4): 915-943 [abstract]

Cite This Page:

Brigham Young University. "How much last year's teacher affects this year’s test scores: Most value-added impact from teachers fades within one year, study finds." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 16 November 2010. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/11/101116093730.htm>.
Brigham Young University. (2010, November 16). How much last year's teacher affects this year’s test scores: Most value-added impact from teachers fades within one year, study finds. ScienceDaily. Retrieved March 19, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/11/101116093730.htm
Brigham Young University. "How much last year's teacher affects this year’s test scores: Most value-added impact from teachers fades within one year, study finds." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/11/101116093730.htm (accessed March 19, 2024).

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