Today's Science News

Friday, March 6, 2015

Featured Research

from universities, journals, and other organizations

Mars: The Planet That Lost an Ocean's Worth of Water

Mar. 5, 2015 — A primitive ocean on Mars held more water than Earth's Arctic Ocean, and covered a greater portion of the planet's surface than the Atlantic Ocean does on Earth, according to new results ... full story

Strength in Numbers: First-Ever Quantum Device That Detects and Corrects Its Own Errors

Mar. 4, 2015 — When scientists develop a full quantum computer, the world of computing will undergo a revolution of sophistication, speed and energy efficiency that will make even our beefiest conventional machines ... full story

Why Isn't the Universe as Bright as It Should Be?

Mar. 4, 2015 — A handful of new stars are born each year in the Milky Way, while many more blink on across the universe. But astronomers have observed that galaxies should be churning out millions more stars, based ... full story

Discovery of 2.8-Million-Year-Old Jaw Sheds Light on Early Humans

Mar. 4, 2015 — For decades, scientists have been searching for African fossils documenting the earliest phases of the Homo lineage, but specimens recovered from the critical time interval between 3 and 2.5 million ... full story

Planet 'Reared' by Four Parent Stars

Mar. 4, 2015 — Growing up as a planet with more than one parent star has its challenges. Though the planets in our solar system circle just one star -- our sun -- other more distant planets, called exoplanets, can ... full story

Breakthrough in Energy Harvesting Could Power 'Life on Mars'

Mar. 5, 2015 — Martian colonists could use an innovative new technique to harvest energy from carbon dioxide thanks to new research. The research proposes a new kind of engine for producing energy based on the ... full story

Snffing out Origins of Methane: Instrument Identifies Methane's Origins in Mines, Deep-Sea Vents, and Cows

Mar. 5, 2015 — Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, second only to carbon dioxide in its capacity to trap heat in Earth's atmosphere for a long time. The gas can originate from lakes and swamps, natural-gas ... full story

Nutrient Pollution Damages Streams in Ways Previously Unknown, Ecologists Find

Mar. 5, 2015 — An important food resource has been disappearing from streams without anyone noticing until now. Ecologists reports that nutrient pollution causes a significant loss of forest-derived carbon from ... full story

'Extinct' Bird Rediscovered: Last Seen in 1941

Mar. 5, 2015 — A scientific team has rediscovered a bird previously thought to be extinct. Jerdon's babbler (Chrysomma altirostre) had not been seen in Myanmar since July 1941, where it was last found in ... full story

Hubble Sees Supernova Split Into Four Images by Cosmic Lens

Mar. 5, 2015 — Astronomers have spotted for the first time a distant supernova split into four images. The multiple images of the exploding star are caused by the powerful gravity of a foreground elliptical galaxy ... full story

Phthalates Potentially Alter Levels of a Pregnancy Hormone That Influences Sex Development

Mar. 5, 2015 — Exposure to hormone-altering chemicals called phthalates -- which are found in many plastics, foods and personal care products -- early in pregnancy is associated with a disruption in an essential ... full story

Nine Steps to Survive 'Most Explosive Era of Infrastructure Expansion in Human History'

Mar. 5, 2015 — A team of scientists call attention to nine issues that must be considered if there is to be any hope of limiting the environmental impacts of the ongoing expansion of new roads, road improvements, ... full story

Menopausal Whales Are Influential and Informative Leaders

Mar. 5, 2015 — Menopause is a downright bizarre trait among animals. It's also rare. Outside of the human species, only the female members of two whale species outlive their reproductive lives in such a major ... full story

Molecule Found in Tree Leaves Helps Female Mice Combat Weight Gain; Males Unaffected

Mar. 5, 2015 — A small molecule that binds to a receptor found on muscle cells speeds up energy metabolism -- but only in female mice. Researchers have shown that female mice treated with a molecule found in tree ... full story

Flood and Drought Risk to Cities on Rise Even With No Climate Change

Mar. 5, 2015 — A heads-up to New York, Baltimore, Houston and Miami: a new study suggests that these metropolitan areas and others will increase their exposure to floods even in the absence of climate ... full story

Featured Videos

from AP, Reuters, AFP, and other news services
Praying Mantis Looks Long Before It Leaps

Praying Mantis Looks Long Before It Leaps

Reuters - Innovations Video Online (Mar. 5, 2015) — Slowed-down footage of the leaps of praying mantises show the insect's extraordinary precision, say researchers. Video provided by Reuters
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What An Ancient Jawbone Could Tell Us About Human Evolution

What An Ancient Jawbone Could Tell Us About Human Evolution

Newsy (Mar. 5, 2015) — A 2.8 million-year-old jawbone could represent the most ancient member of our genus ever discovered. Video provided by Newsy
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Star Wars-Inspired Prototype Creates Holographic Display

Star Wars-Inspired Prototype Creates Holographic Display

Reuters - Innovations Video Online (Mar. 5, 2015) — A prototype holographic display named Leia - after the Star Wars princess who appeared in holographic form asking Obi-Wan Kenobu for help - is demonstrated at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona. Matthew Stock reports. Video provided by Reuters
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Hubble Sees Rare 'Einstein Cross' Image Of Distant Supernova

Hubble Sees Rare 'Einstein Cross' Image Of Distant Supernova

Newsy (Mar. 5, 2015) — A rare trick of the light caused by the gravity of a distant galaxy caused Hubble to see four images of the same supernova at once. Video provided by Newsy
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last updated on 2015-03-06 at 11:33 am EST

Top Health News

jump to:    Health  |  Tech  |  Enviro  |  Society

Gut Bacteria May Contribute to Diabetes in Black Males

Mar. 6, 2015 — African American men at elevated risk for developing type 2 diabetes may have fewer beneficial and more harmful intestinal bacteria, according to new ... full story

Investigational Osteoporosis Drug, Abaloparatide, Lowers Fracture Risk

Mar. 6, 2015 — Abaloparatide-SC, an injectable drug being studied for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, reduces the rate of new spinal fractures by a statistically significant 86 percent and as well as ... full story

New Study Points to Better Classrooms for Children With Disabilities

Mar. 6, 2015 — A pilot study in 51 North Carolina classrooms shows the effectiveness of a new measure in assessing the quality of practices in inclusive preschools. Not only is the Inclusive Classroom Profile a ... full story

Losing 30 Minutes of Sleep Per Day May Promote Weight Gain and Adversely Affect Blood Sugar Control

Mar. 6, 2015 — Losing as little as 30 minutes of sleep per day on weekdays can have long-term consequences for body weight and metabolism, a new study ... full story

Seniors' Hospital and ER Admission Rates Are Higher If They Have Obesity

Mar. 6, 2015 — Obesity is associated with substantial increases in older adults’ hospitalizations, emergency room admissions and use of outpatient health care services, according to a new study of 172,866 ... full story

Researchers Connect Climate Change to Food Safety

Mar. 6, 2015 — Climate change can affect our food safety in a number of ways. In a European study, researchers state that there is often a relationship between long-term changes in temperature and rainfall and ... full story

Infant Growth Affected by Exposure to Environmental Pollutants

Mar. 6, 2015 — Even though the levels of two environmental pollutants have declined over the last 20 years, they may still have adverse effects on children’s development, according to a new study. The researchers ... full story

Autism Detection Improved by Multimodal Neuroimaging

Mar. 6, 2015 — Combined measurements of brain anatomy, connectivity and neurochemistry distinguish autism spectrum disorder subjects from controls, scientists say. This multimodal approach is distinct from many ... full story

Popular Antioxidant Likely Ineffective, Study Finds

Mar. 6, 2015 — The popular dietary supplement ubiquinone, also known as Coenzyme Q10, is widely believed to function as an antioxidant, protecting cells against damage from free radicals. But a new study finds that ... full story

Excess Sitting Linked to Coronary Artery Calcification, an Early Indicator of Heart Problems

Mar. 5, 2015 — Sitting for many hours per day is associated with increased coronary artery calcification, a marker of subclinical heart disease that can increase the risk of a heart attack, according to research. ... full story

First Validated Method of Detecting Drugs of Abuse in Exhaled Breath

Mar. 6, 2015 — Drug testing is most commonly performed using urine samples. The methodology and regulations for reliable urine testing are well developed and can be considered the current gold standard for drug ... full story

Mice Don't Need the Cortex to Sing Their Songs

Mar. 6, 2015 — The human language is unique in that we can refer to objects, events and ideas. The combination of syllables and words enables humans to generate an infinite number of expressions. An important ... full story

Brain Treats Real and Imaginary Objects in the Same Way

Mar. 6, 2015 — The human brain can select relevant objects from a flood of information and edit out what is irrelevant. It also knows which parts belong to a whole. If, for example, we direct our attention to the ... full story

Oxytocin Nasal Spray Causes Men to Eat Fewer Calories

Mar. 5, 2015 — A synthetic nasal formulation of the hormone oxytocin reduced caloric intake in healthy men, particularly consumption of fatty foods, after a single treatment, a new study finds. The results confirm ... full story

Abnormal Brain Rhythms Tied to Problems With Thinking in Schizophrenia

Mar. 5, 2015 — By studying specially bred mice with specific developmental and cognitive traits resembling those seen in schizophrenia, researchers have provided new evidence that abnormal rhythmic activity in ... full story

Drug to Control Appetite Could Also Fight Anxiety

Mar. 5, 2015 — Did you know that our body produces its own marijuana-like compound to protect us against anxiety? A study reveals a new biological pathway that regulates this system and suggests that a drug ... full story

From Chick to Bedside: Removing the Wnt Barrier

Mar. 5, 2015 — Kick starting a process that might repair the damage done in cerebral palsy and multiple sclerosis could begin with disabling a driver that helps block regeneration, say ... full story

Autistic Features Linked to Prenatal Exposure to Commonly Found Fire Retardants, Phthalates

Mar. 5, 2015 — Exposure during pregnancy to a combination of fire retardant chemicals and phthalate chemicals -- both present in the average home -- can contribute to autistic-like behaviors in the offspring, ... full story

Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors During Pregnancy Affects the Brain Two Generations Later, Rat Study Shows

Mar. 5, 2015 — Prenatal exposure to low doses of the environmental contaminants polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, change the developing brain in an area involved in metabolism, and some effects are apparent even ... full story

Family Interventions Reduce Smoking Rates in Children, Adolescents

Mar. 5, 2015 — A global review into the effectiveness of family-based programs has found these programs can be highly effective in stopping children from taking up smoking. "Preventing children from starting to ... full story

Smoking When Pregnant Increases Cancer Risk for Daughters

Mar. 5, 2015 — Women who smoke when pregnant are putting their daughters at a greater risk of developing ovarian and breast cancer later in life, a new study has determined. Findings also demonstrated that mothers ... full story

Hidden Hazards Found in 'Green' Products

Mar. 5, 2015 — Common consumer products, including those marketed as 'green,' 'all-natural,' 'non-toxic' and 'organic' emit a range of compounds that could harm human health and air quality, researchers have found. ... full story

Reliance on Smartphones Linked to Lazy Thinking

Mar. 5, 2015 — Our smartphones help us find a phone number quickly, provide us with instant directions and recommend restaurants, but new research indicates that this convenience at our fingertips is making it easy ... full story

Semi-Veggie Diet Effectively Lowers Heart Disease, Stroke Risk

Mar. 5, 2015 — A pro-vegetarian diet that emphasizes a higher proportion of plant-based foods compared to animal-based foods may help lower the risks of dying from heart disease and stroke by up to 20 percent, ... full story

Weight Loss Surgery Can Be a Safe Option for Obese Children, Experts Say

Mar. 5, 2015 — Weight loss surgery does not stunt the growth of obese children when applied within a clinical pathway. It is a safe option to use and provides hope for youngsters who are unable to shed pounds ... full story

Simple Sideline Test Shown Effective in Diagnosing Concussion in Student Athletes as Young as 5 Years Old

Mar. 5, 2015 — An easy-to-administer vision test has shown effective in diagnosing concussion in student athletes as young as 5 years old, researchers ... full story

Choice of Monitoring Method Could Be Key for Babies With Poor Growth in the Womb

Mar. 4, 2015 — In some pregnancies, there is an abnormal blood flow from the placenta and the fetus does not grow adequately in the womb, putting it at risk of being stillborn. Babies that grow poorly in the womb ... full story

Omega-3 Fatty Acids Appear to Protect Damaged Heart After Heart Attack

Mar. 4, 2015 — Taking omega-3 fatty acids appeared to lower inflammation and guard against further declines in heart function among recent heart attack survivors already receivingoptimal standard care, according to ... full story

Time Management: Why We Feel Busier When Close to Reaching a Goal

Mar. 4, 2015 — Is there any worse time to be interrupted than right now? Regardless of what we're doing or the nature of the interruption, we often feel as if we have no time to spare at the moment. According to a ... full story

Infant Gut Bacteria and Food Sensitization: Associations in the First Year of Life

Mar. 4, 2015 — New light has been shed on changes in intestinal bacteria of infants that can predict future development of food allergies or asthma. The research reveals that infants with a fewer number of ... full story

Top Physical & Tech News

jump to:    Health  |  Tech  |  Enviro  |  Society

Fluid-Filled Pores Separate Materials With Fine Precision

Mar. 6, 2015 — Scientists have developed an entirely new, highly versatile mechanism for controlling passage of materials through micropores, using fluid to modulate their opening and closing. The new system can ... full story

New Flexible Films for Touch Screen Applications Achieve Longer Lasting Display

Mar. 6, 2015 — Today, touch screens are everywhere, from smart phones and tablets, to computer monitors, to interactive digital signage and displays. Many touch screens are made of layered thin (billionths of a ... full story

A New Way to Control Information by Mixing Light and Sound

Mar. 6, 2015 — For once, slower is better in a new piece of technology. Scientists have developed a new, radio frequency processing device that allows information to be controlled more effectively, opening the door ... full story

Researchers Create Artificial Methane Hydrates, Open an Innovative Pathway for Use of New Fuels

Mar. 6, 2015 — A technology that allows the preparation of artificial methane hydrates has been developed by researchers. These researchers have demonstrated that it is possible to prepare methane hydrates in a ... full story

Biomolecular Force Generation Based on Principle of a Gas Spring

Mar. 5, 2015 — The mechanical basis of mitosis has only been understood in fragments so far. Now scientists have been able to add another piece to the puzzle of cell biological ... full story

Breakthrough in Nonlinear Optics Research

Mar. 5, 2015 — A method to selectively enhance or inhibit optical nonlinearities in a chip-scale device has been developed by scientists. To achieve their result the scientists investigated a specific optical ... full story

Magnetic Material Attracts Attention for Cancer Therapy

Mar. 5, 2015 — An extraordinary self-regulating heating effect that can be achieved in a particular type of magnetic material may open the doors to a new strategy for hyperthermia cancer treatment, researchers say. ... full story

Einstein Put to the Test: Satellite Mission on Dark Energy and Theory of Gravitation

Mar. 5, 2015 — Physicists have gained new insights into dark energy and the theory of gravitation by analyzing data from the "Planck" satellite mission of the European Space Agency (ESA). Their results demonstrate ... full story

Chemists Develop 'Looking Glass' for Spotting Sound Molecular Structures

Mar. 5, 2015 — Chemists have developed a computational approach for determining the viability and suitability of complex molecular structures -- an advancement that could aid in the development of pharmaceuticals ... full story

Protecting Crops from Radiation-Contaminated Soil

Mar. 5, 2015 — A chemical compound that prevents plants from taking up cesium, thus protecting them -- and us -- from the harmful effects of soil contaminated with radiocesium, has been discovered by ... full story

NASA Spacecraft Becomes First to Orbit a Dwarf Planet

Mar. 6, 2015 — NASA's Dawn spacecraft has become the first mission to achieve orbit around a dwarf planet. The spacecraft was approximately 38,000 miles (61,000) kilometers from Ceres when it was captured by the ... full story

'Habitable' Planet GJ 581d Previously Dismissed as Noise Probably Does Exist

Mar. 6, 2015 — A new report has dismissed claims made last year that the first super-Earth planet discovered in the habitable zone of a distant star was 'stellar activity masquerading as planets.' The researchers ... full story

Black Holes and Dark Sector Explained by Quantum Gravity

Mar. 6, 2015 — A quantum version of General Relativity demonstrates that dark energy and dark matter are different manifestations of gravity. The theory calculates the precise value of the cosmological constant, ... full story

Space Technology Investigates Large-Scale Changes to Africa's Climate

Mar. 5, 2015 — Researchers have mapped climate and human impacts on Africa's land resources using satellite mapping ... full story

Rapid Changes Observed in a Comet’s Plasma Tail

Mar. 5, 2015 — Images from a December 2013 observation of the comet C/2013 R1 (Lovejoy) reveal clear details about rapidly changing activity in that comet's plasma tail. Astronomers zoomed in to within 0.8 million ... full story

Galactic 'Rain' Explains Why Some Galaxies Are Better at Creating Stars

Mar. 4, 2015 — Some of the galaxies in our universe are veritable star nurseries. For example, our own Milky Way produces, on average, at least one new star every year. Others went barren years ago, now producing ... full story

Far from Home: Wayward Star Cluster Is Both Tiny and Distant

Mar. 3, 2015 — Like the lost little puppy that wanders too far from home, astronomers have found an unusually small and distant group of stars that seems oddly out of place. The cluster, made of only a handful of ... full story

Cloudy, With a Wisp of Liquid Rock: Clouds Around Exoplanets Analyzed

Mar. 3, 2015 — Meteorologists sometimes struggle to accurately predict the weather here on Earth, but now we can find out how cloudy it is on planets outside our solar system, thanks to new ... full story

New Data on the Nature of Dark Matter

Mar. 3, 2015 — Recent research contributes to the effort to determine the nature of dark matter, one of the most important mysteries in physics. As indirect evidence provided by its gravitational effects, dark ... full story

Core Work: Iron Vapor Gives Clues to Formation of Earth and Moon

Mar. 2, 2015 — One of the world's most powerful radiation sources provides scientists clues about Earth's formation and how iron ... full story

Sap-Feeding Butterflies Join Ranks of Natural Phenomenon, the Golden Ratio

Mar. 6, 2015 — Researchers observed that the coiling action of the butterfly proboscis, a tube-like 'mouth' that many butterflies and moths use to feed on fluids, resembled a spiral similar to that of the Golden ... full story

Printing Custom Touch-Sensitive Displays Yourself

Mar. 5, 2015 — Computer scientists have developed a technique that could enable virtually anyone to print out customized displays of their own in future -- in all shapes and sizes and onto various materials. A ... full story

Energy-Generating Cloth Could Replace Batteries in Wearable Devices

Mar. 4, 2015 — From light-up shoes to smart watches, wearable electronics are gaining traction among consumers, but these gadgets' versatility is still held back by the stiff, short-lived batteries that are ... full story

Pennies Reveal New Insights on Nature of Randomness

Mar. 4, 2015 — Researchers have developed an algorithm that creates truly disordered packings of pennies for the first ... full story

Twitter Helps Smokers Kick the Habit, Study Finds

Mar. 4, 2015 — When subjects in a smoking cessation program tweet each other regularly, they're more successful at kicking the habit, according to a study. Specifically, daily 'automessages' that encourage and ... full story

How Big Data Can Be Used to Understand Major Events

Mar. 4, 2015 — With the most unpredictable UK general election looming in modern times, how can big data be used to understand how elections are covered by the media? New research has for the first time analyzed ... full story

Simulating the Potential Spread of Measles

Mar. 4, 2015 — To help the public better understand how measles can spread, a team of infectious disease computer modelers has launched a free, mobile-friendly tool that lets users simulate measles outbreaks in ... full story

Genetic Data Can Help Predict How Pine Forests Will Cope With Climate Change

Mar. 4, 2015 — Data from only a small number of gene variants can predict which maritime pine trees are most vulnerable to climate change, scientists report. The results will improve computer models designed to ... full story

Flexible Sensors Turn Skin Into a Touch-Sensitive Interaction Space for Mobile Devices

Mar. 4, 2015 — If a mobile phone rings during a meeting, its owner often has to dig it out before it can be muted. A more discreet method would be to decline the incoming call by pressing on one of your fingers. ... full story

Robots for Stroke Rehabilitation

Mar. 4, 2015 — A prototype of a robotic glove has been developed which stroke suffers can use in their own home to support rehabilitation and personal independence in receiving therapies. At the chronic stages of ... full story

Top Environment News

jump to:    Health  |  Tech  |  Enviro  |  Society

Green Lungs of Our Planet Are Changing

Mar. 6, 2015 — Are leaves and buds developing earlier in the spring? And do leaves stay on the trees longer in autumn? Do steppe ecosystems remain green longer and are the savannas becoming drier and drier? In ... full story

How Healthy Is Genetically Modified Soybean Oil?

Mar. 5, 2015 — Soybean oil accounts for more than 90 percent of all the seed oil production in the United States. Genetically modified soybean oil, made from seeds of GM soybean plants, was recently introduced into ... full story

To Reduce Body Fat, Eating Less Fat May Be More Effective Than Eating Less Carbohydrate

Mar. 5, 2015 — In adults with obesity, lowering dietary fat may lead to greater body fat loss than lowering dietary carbohydrate, a new study ... full story

Nuts May Help Lower Teenagers' Risk of Metabolic Syndrome

Mar. 5, 2015 — Modest consumption of nuts every day is associated with an improved cardiovascular risk profile among adolescents, a new analysis of a large national database ... full story

Gut Microbial Mix Relates to Stages of Blood Sugar Control

Mar. 5, 2015 — The composition of intestinal bacteria and other micro-organisms -- called the gut microbiota -- changes over time in unhealthy ways in black men who are prediabetic, a new study ... full story

Baby Mantises Harness Mid-Air 'Spin' During Jumps for Precision Landings

Mar. 5, 2015 — High-speed videos reveal that, unlike other jumping insects, the juvenile praying mantis does not spin out of control when airborne. In fact, it both creates and controls angular momentum at ... full story

Turning a Vole Into a Mighty Rodent

Mar. 5, 2015 — Take a wild, common forest-dwelling mouse-like rodent, known as a vole, and subject it to 13 rounds of selection for increased aerobic exercise metabolism, and what do you get? A mighty 'mouse' with ... full story

New Flavors for Lager Beer: Successful Generation of Hybrid Yeasts

Mar. 5, 2015 — Researchers have developed hybrid lager yeasts. For centuries the same few yeast strains have been used in the production of lager beer, in contrast to ale, whisky, wine and cider, for which there is ... full story

Full-Annual-Cycle Models Track Migratory Bird Populations Throughout the Year

Mar. 4, 2015 — Many birds spend only a few months of the year in their breeding range before leaving to spend the winter in another region or even on another continent, and models that only make use of data from ... full story

New Protein Booster May Lead to Better DNA Vaccines and Gene Therapy

Mar. 4, 2015 — Scientists have discovered a new way to manipulate how cells function, a finding that might help advance an experimental approach to improving public health: DNA vaccines, which could be more ... full story

Novel Mechanism to Explain High Elevation of Denver Area

Mar. 6, 2015 — Researchers have proposed a new way to explain how the High Plains got so high. Water trapped deep below Earth's crust may have flooded the lower crust, creating buoyancy and ... full story

Elusive El Niño Arrives: Forecasters Predict It Will Stay Weak, Have Little Influence on Weather and Climate

Mar. 5, 2015 — The long-anticipated El Niño has finally arrived, according to forecasters with NOAA's Climate Prediction Center. In their updated monthly outlook released today, forecasters issued an El Niño ... full story

Yucatan Peninsula Hit by Tsunami 1,500 Years Ago, Evidence Indicates

Mar. 5, 2015 — The eastern coastline of Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula, a mecca for tourists, may have been walloped by a tsunami between 1,500 and 900 years ago, says a new study. There are several lines of evidence ... full story

The Tides They Are a Changin'

Mar. 5, 2015 — Scientists have found that ocean tides have changed significantly over the last century at many coastal locations around the world. Increases in high tide levels and the tidal range were found to ... full story

How Drowsy Microbes in Arctic Tundra Change to Methane-Makers as Permafrost Thaws

Mar. 4, 2015 — As the Arctic warms, tons of carbon locked away in Arctic tundra will be transformed into the powerful greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane, but scientists know little about how that ... full story

L.A. Story: Cleaner Air, Healthier Kids

Mar. 4, 2015 — A 20-year study shows that decreasing air pollution in Los Angeles has led to healthier lungs for millennials when compared to children in the '90s. The gains in lung function paralleled improving ... full story

Carotid Artery Stenosis: Air Pollution Connected With Narrowing of the Arteries

Mar. 4, 2015 — People living in areas with more air pollution face a greater risk of carotid artery stenosis, a narrowing of the arteries that supply blood to the brain, according to new research. Carotid artery ... full story

Metabolic Path to Improved Biofuel Production

Mar. 4, 2015 — Researchers have found a way to increase the production of fuels and other chemicals from biomass fermented by yeast without the need of environmentally harsh pre-treatments or expensive enzyme ... full story

Direct Evidence That Drought-Weakened Amazonian Forests 'Inhale Less Carbon'

Mar. 4, 2015 — Direct evidence of the rate at which individual trees in the Amazonian basin 'inhale' carbon from the atmosphere during severe drought has been provided by an international research team. Researchers ... full story

Advancing Multiple Approaches for Characterizing Permafrost Microbes in a Changing Climate

Mar. 4, 2015 — To better characterize the microbial activities in the thawing permafrost, scientists have reported on the application of multiple molecular technologies: ... full story

Karnak: Excavation Yields 38 Artifacts

Mar. 6, 2015 — The excavation of a favissa, a pit discovered in early December 2014 near the temple of the god Ptah, has been completed. The dig has unearthed 38 statues, statuettes and precious objects, making ... full story

Significant Facial Variation in Pre-Columbian South America

Mar. 5, 2015 — A team of anthropology researchers has found significant differences in facial features between all seven pre-Columbian peoples they evaluated from what is now Peru -- disproving a longstanding ... full story

Excavation Reveals Ancient Town and Burial Complex in Diros Bay, Greece

Mar. 4, 2015 — Recent research has uncovered the remains of an ancient town and burial complex that date to the Neolithic and Bronze Age. In addition to the Neolithic 'spooning' couple that has been highlighted in ... full story

Deadly Frog Fungus Dates Back to 1880s, Studies Find

Mar. 4, 2015 — A pair of studies show that the deadly fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, responsible for the extinction of more than 200 amphibian species worldwide, has coexisted harmlessly with animals in ... full story

Grand Tree of Life Study Shows a Clock-Like Trend in New Species Emergence and Diversity

Mar. 4, 2015 — Researchers have assembled the largest and most accurate tree of life calibrated to time, and surprisingly, it reveals that life has been expanding at a constant rate. The study also challenges the ... full story

Animal Functional Diversity Started out Poor, Became Richer Over Time

Mar. 4, 2015 — The finding refutes a hypothesis by the famed evolutionary biologist Stephen J. Gould that marine creatures underwent an 'early burst' of functional diversity during the dawn of animal ... full story

Genetic Study Revives Debate on Origin and Expansion of Indo-European Languages in Europe

Mar. 4, 2015 — Researchers have identified a massive migration of Kurgan populations (Yamna culture) which went from the Russian steppes to the center of Europe some 4,500 years ago, favoring the expansion of ... full story

When Age Matters: Precise Dating of Ancient Charcoal Found Near Skull Is Helping Reveal Unique Period in Prehistory

Mar. 3, 2015 — The precise dating of ancient charcoal found near a skull is helping reveal a unique period in prehistory. The Manot Cave, a natural limestone formation, had been sealed for some 15,000 years. It was ... full story

Archaeologists Open Mysterious Lead Coffin Found Buried Just Feet from the Former Grave of King Richard III

Mar. 2, 2015 — Richard III is the only male to be discovered at infamous former car-park site. A mysterious lead coffin found close to the site of Richard III's hastily dug grave at the Grey Friars friary has now ... full story

Genetics Reveals Where Emperor Penguins Survived the Last Ice Age

Mar. 1, 2015 — A study of how climate change has affected emperor penguins over the last 30,000 years found that only three populations may have survived during the last ice age, and that the Ross Sea in Antarctica ... full story

Top Society & Education News

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Mental Health Soon After War-Zone Concussions Predicts Disability

Mar. 4, 2015 — Evaluating military personnel with blast-related mild traumatic brain injuries, researchers have found that early symptoms of post-traumatic stress, such as anxiety, emotional numbness, flashbacks ... full story

Scientists Question Rush to Build Nicaragua Canal

Mar. 4, 2015 — A consortium of environmental scientists has expressed strong concern about the impact of a controversial Central American canal across Nicaragua. The path of the Nicaragua Interoceanic Grand Canal ... full story

New Models Yield Clearer Picture of Emissions' True Costs

Mar. 4, 2015 — New models calculate and compare the true costs of various fuels to health, climate and the environment. Viewed this way, a gallon of gas costs $3.80 more than the pump price. The social cost of a ... full story

Where You Live Could Mean 'Greener' Alternatives Do More Harm Than Good

Mar. 4, 2015 — Engineers propose a new 600-ton threshold that could indicate when switching to 'low carbon' alternatives may actually increase emissions. Although regions may welcome "green" technology like ... full story

Men Tend to Be More Narcissistic Than Women, Study Finds

Mar. 4, 2015 — With three decades of data from more than 475,000 participants, a new study on narcissism reveals that men, on average, are more narcissistic than ... full story

Agreement on Best Estimates of Breast Cancer Overdiagnosis Urgently Needed to Inform Women

Mar. 4, 2015 — More than any other debate about overdiagnosis, the discussion of breast cancer has spilt from the pages of the specialist medical press into the public domain, argues a public health expert, stating ... full story

How Much Overdetection Is Acceptable in Cancer Screening?

Mar. 4, 2015 — People have highly variable views on how much overdetection is acceptable in cancer screening, finds a UK ... full story

New Approach to Analysis of Unresolved Controversy Over Nuclear Power

Mar. 4, 2015 — A new article investigates why nuclear energy is still deployed in spite of the negative feedbacks and experiences. The researchers argue that one possible explanation for this controversy is that ... full story

Cities Have a Memory and Interact With Their Neighbors

Mar. 4, 2015 — Demographic changes in large cities depend on millions of individual decisions, but the population evolves depending on two factors: what 'reminds' them of their recent past and the existence of ... full story

Bans Don't Help Smokers Quit, Researchers Say

Mar. 3, 2015 — No significant change in home habits of smokers have been observed in the aftermath of a ban on smoking in public spaces, researchers report. Greater inspiration to kick the habit likely comes from ... full story

Stress Markers in Unemployed Linked to Poor Health

Mar. 3, 2015 — It appears that stress markers in unemployed people can be found, independent of smoking, alcohol consumption and overweight/obesity. Results from a study suggest that long-term unemployment may be ... full story

Amphetamine Gets the Job Done: Using Drugs to Work Long Hours

Feb. 20, 2015 — Drugs are usually associated with vulnerable social groups. New research reveals that amphetamine, however, is used by some in physically demanding manual jobs - to sustain long working ... full story

Basic Personality Changes Linked to Unemployment, Study Finds

Feb. 18, 2015 — Unemployment can change peoples' core personalities, making some less conscientious, agreeable and open, which may make it difficult for them to find new jobs, according to new ... full story

Leader of the Pack: Study of Voles and Owls Show Rise of Individuals With Greatest Influence on Collective Group Behavior

Feb. 18, 2015 — Who takes charge during a disaster or at an accident scene? The question has intrigued sociologists since Gustave Le Bon first studied "herd behavior" in nineteenth-century France. The question of an ... full story

How Income Fraud Made the Housing Bubble Worse

Feb. 18, 2015 — New research reveals that, in low-income zip codes, IRS-reported incomes and earnings reported on mortgages in fact differed wildly from 2002 to 2005. The researchers place the blame for falsified ... full story

Women Seek Greater Variety in Men and Consumer Products Near Ovulation

Feb. 17, 2015 — New research suggests women seek more options in dating partners near ovulation -- when they are most fertile -- which may lead them to also seek a greater variety of products and ... full story

Workplace Bullying a Vicious Circle

Feb. 17, 2015 — Bullying at work grinds victims down and makes them an 'easy target' for further abuse according to new research. The research suggests that employers should not only crack down on workplace bullies, ... full story

People Value Resources More Consistently When They Are Scarce

Feb. 12, 2015 — We tend to be economically irrational when it comes to choosing how we use resources like money and time but scarcity can convert us into economically rational decision makers, according to new ... full story

An Internet of Things Reality Check

Feb. 9, 2015 — Connecting different kinds of devices, not just computers and communications devices, to the Internet could lead to new ways of working with a wide range of machinery, sensors, domestic and other ... full story

Increasing Individualism in US Linked With Rise of White-Collar Jobs

Feb. 5, 2015 — Rising individualism in the United States over the last 150 years is mainly associated with a societal shift toward more white-collar occupations, according to new research. The study, which looked ... full story

Creative Genius Driven by Distraction

Mar. 3, 2015 — The literary great Marcel Proust wore ear-stoppers because he was unable to filter out irrelevant noise -- and lined his bedroom with cork to attenuate sound. Now new research suggests why the ... full story

On-Board School Bus Filtration System Reduces Pollutants by 88 Percent

Mar. 2, 2015 — An on-board air filtration system developed specifically for school buses reduces exposure to vehicular pollutants by up to 88 percent, according to a new ... full story

Teachers Become Healthier When They Learn

Mar. 2, 2015 — Several studies have indicated a connection between learning and health. Researchers have now found that the health of school teachers is related to their level of work integrated ... full story

Teacher Prejudices Put Girls Off Math, Science, Study Suggests

Feb. 26, 2015 — Although higher education has already opened the door to equal opportunities for women and minorities in the US in the math and science professions, a new study suggests that elementary school ... full story

Biology Teachers: Understanding Faith, Teaching Evolution Not Mutually Exclusive

Feb. 25, 2015 — Discussing the relationship between science and faith, rather than avoiding the discussion, may better prepare future high school biology teachers for anticipating questions about evolution, ... full story

Education 'Experts' Cited in News Stories May Lack Expertise, Study Finds

Feb. 20, 2015 — A study of education experts cited in news stories and blogs during 2013 finds that some lack background in education policy and ... full story

Delaying Children's School Entry Linked to Poor Academic Performance

Feb. 19, 2015 — Delaying school entry for children could cause poorer academic performance, according to new research. Many parents are keen to hold their children back a year if they were born prematurely or in the ... full story

Teens Increasingly Sleep Deprived

Feb. 16, 2015 — A new study found that female students, racial/ethnic minorities, and students of lower socioeconomic status are less likely to report regularly getting seven or more hours of sleep each night ... full story

Learning With All the Senses: Movement, Images Facilitate Vocabulary Learning

Feb. 5, 2015 — "Atesi" -- what sounds like a word from the Elven language of Lord of the Rings is actually a Vimmish word meaning "thought". Scientists have used Vimmish, an artificial language specifically ... full story

Public and Scientists Express Strikingly Different Views About Science-Related Issues

Jan. 29, 2015 — Despite similar views about the overall place of science in America, the general public and scientists often see science-related issues through a different lens, according to a new pair of ... full story

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