Today's Science News

Tuesday, March 10, 2015

Featured Research

from universities, journals, and other organizations

New Paint Makes Tough Self-Cleaning Surfaces

Mar. 5, 2015 — A new paint that makes robust self-cleaning surfaces has been developed. The coating can be applied to clothes, paper, glass and steel and when combined with adhesives, maintains its self-cleaning ... full story

New Class of Drugs Dramatically Increases Healthy Lifespan, Mouse Study Suggests

Mar. 9, 2015 — Scientists have identified a new class of drugs that in animal models dramatically slows the aging process -- alleviating symptoms of frailty, improving cardiac function and extending a healthy ... full story

Are You a Descendant of Genghis Khan? Millions of Modern Men Descendants of 11 Asian Dynastic Leaders

Mar. 9, 2015 — Millions of modern Asian men are descended from 11 powerful dynastic leaders who lived up to 4,000 years ago -- including Mongolian warlord Genghis Khan, according to a new study. Researchers ... full story

Mars: The Planet That Lost an Ocean's Worth of Water

Mar. 5, 2015 — A primitive ocean on Mars held more water than Earth's Arctic Ocean, and covered a greater portion of the planet's surface than the Atlantic Ocean does on Earth, according to new results ... full story

Strength in Numbers: First-Ever Quantum Device That Detects and Corrects Its Own Errors

Mar. 4, 2015 — When scientists develop a full quantum computer, the world of computing will undergo a revolution of sophistication, speed and energy efficiency that will make even our beefiest conventional machines ... full story

Venus, If You Will, as Seen in Radar With the Green Bank Telescope

Mar. 9, 2015 — Recently, by combining the highly sensitive receiving capabilities of the National Science Foundation's Green Bank Telescope and the powerful radar transmitter at the NSF's Arecibo ... full story

How Rivers Creep, Flow to Shape Landscapes Over Time

Mar. 9, 2015 — Most models predict that rivers only transport sediment during conditions of high flow and, moreover, that only particles on the surface of the river bed move due to the force of the flowing water ... full story

One Step Closer to Artificial Photosynthesis and 'Solar Fuels'

Mar. 9, 2015 — A new thin-film coating solves a major problem in the development of artificial photosynthetic systems that can replicate the natural process of photosynthesis to harness sunlight to generate ... full story

Centuries-Old DNA Helps Identify Origins of Slave Skeletons Found in Caribbean

Mar. 9, 2015 — Researchers have extracted and sequenced tiny bits of DNA remaining in the teeth of 300-year-old skeletons in the Caribbean. From this data, they were able to determine where in Africa the ... full story

Earth's Climate Is Starting to Change Faster, New Research Shows

Mar. 9, 2015 — Earth is now entering a period of changing climate that will likely be faster than what's occurred naturally over the last thousand years, according to a new article, committing people to live ... full story

Ancient Fossils Reveal Diversity in the Body Structure of Human Ancestors

Mar. 9, 2015 — Recently released research on human evolution has revealed that species of early human ancestors had significant differences in facial features. Now, scientists have found that these early human ... full story

Carina Nebula Survey Reveals Details of Star Formation

Mar. 9, 2015 — A new survey of one of the most active, star-forming regions in the galactic neighborhood is helping astronomers better understand the processes that may have contributed to the formation of the sun ... full story

Saving Chilean Mummies from Climate Change

Mar. 9, 2015 — At least two thousand years before the ancient Egyptians began mummifying their pharaohs, a hunter-gatherer people called the Chinchorro living along the coast of modern-day Chile and Peru developed ... full story

Experimental Drug Turns 'Bad' White Fat Into 'Good' Brown-Like Fat

Mar. 7, 2015 — An experimental drug causes loss of weight and fat in mice, a new study has found. Known as GC-1, the drug reportedly speeds up metabolism, or burning off, of fat ... full story

Brain Structure Varies Depending on How Trusting People Are of Others, Study Shows

Mar. 6, 2015 — Brain structure varies according to how trusting people are of others, scientists say. This research may have implications for future treatments of psychological conditions such as autism, said the ... full story

Featured Videos

from AP, Reuters, AFP, and other news services

Raw: Solar Plane Begins Round-the-World Trip

Raw: Solar Plane Begins Round-the-World Trip

AP (Mar. 9, 2015) — A Swiss-made solar-powered aircraft took off from Abu Dhabi just after daybreak Monday in a historic first attempt to fly around the world without a drop of fossil fuel. (March 9) Video provided by AP
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Raw: Solar Plane Completes First Leg of Voyage

Raw: Solar Plane Completes First Leg of Voyage

AP (Mar. 9, 2015) — A Swiss solar powered plane successfully completed the first leg of a round-the-world voyage Monday, landing in Oman's capital 10 hours after taking off from Abu Dhabi. (March 9) Video provided by AP
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The Link Between The 'Love Hormone' And Men's Weight Loss

The Link Between The 'Love Hormone' And Men's Weight Loss

Newsy (Mar. 9, 2015) — Oxytocin, or that "love hormone" that's released after sex, could be the secret ingredient to weight loss for men. Video provided by Newsy
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'Extinct' Bird Isn't Extinct At All, Scientists Find

'Extinct' Bird Isn't Extinct At All, Scientists Find

Buzz60 (Mar. 6, 2015) — Scientists rediscover a bird thought to be extinct, so we may be able to cross it off the "Gone For Good" list. Sean Dowling (@seandowlingtv) has more details. Video provided by Buzz60
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last updated on 2015-03-10 at 8:03 am EDT

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Genetics Breakthrough Will Boost Diabetes Research

Mar. 9, 2015 — The genes that increase the risk of Type 1 diabetes have lost their hiding place, scientists report. A research group has located and narrowed down the number of genes that play a role in the ... full story

From Brain Tumors to Memory: A Very Multifunctional Protein

Mar. 9, 2015 — A protein called BAI1 involved in limiting the growth of brain tumors is also critical for spatial learning and memory, researchers have discovered. BAI1 is part of a regulatory network ... full story

Tiny Nanoparticles Could Make Big Impact for Patients in Need of Cornea Transplant

Mar. 9, 2015 — There are about 48,000 corneal transplants done each year in the U.S., compared to approximately 16,000 kidney transplants and 2,100 heart transplants. Out of the 48,000 corneal transplants done, 10 ... full story

Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, ALS: Scientists Reveal Structural Secrets of Nature's Little Locomotive

Mar. 9, 2015 — Scientists have determined the basic structural organization of a molecular motor that hauls cargoes and performs other critical functions within cells. The complex's large size, myriad subunits and ... full story

More Study Needed to Clarify Impact of Cellulose Nanocrystals on Health

Mar. 9, 2015 — Biocompatible and biodegradable, cellulose materials are being studied for use in high-performance composites and optical films, and to deliver medicine in pills. But before a material can be ... full story

First Look at Hospitalized Ebola Survivors' Immune Cells Could Guide Vaccine Design

Mar. 9, 2015 — Researchers have gained a first look at the immune responses in four Ebola virus disease survivors who received care at Emory University Hospital in 2014. Their findings reveal high levels of immune ... full story

Study of Fruit Fly 'Brain in a Jar' Reveals Mechanics of Jet Lag

Mar. 9, 2015 — Long the stuff of science fiction, the disembodied 'brain in a jar' is providing science fact for researchers, who by studying the whole brains of fruit flies are discovering the inner mechanisms of ... full story

Blood-Based Genetic Biomarkers Identify Young Boys With Autism

Mar. 9, 2015 — An international team of scientists reports finding a highly accurate blood-based measure that could lead to development of a clinical test for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk in males as young ... full story

Vaccinate Against Measles, Experts Say

Mar. 9, 2015 — An article has examined reasons people are hesitant to vaccinate. "Active vaccine refusal is a significant issue and leaves a large group of children at unnecessary risk of measles infection and ... full story

African-American Cancer Patients' Depression Symptoms Under-Recognized, Study Finds

Mar. 9, 2015 — A researcher who has long examined quality-of-life issues in cancer patients wondered whether depression in African-American cancer patients has been under-recognized for treatment. Accurately ... full story

Moderate Alcohol Consumption Increases Attractiveness

Mar. 9, 2015 — Consuming alcohol (equivalent to about a glass of wine) can make the drinker appear more attractive than when sober, according to new research. However, the effect disappears when more is ... full story

Societally-Engaged Adults See Their Lives as Redemption Stories

Mar. 9, 2015 — Middle-aged Americans who show high levels of societal involvement and mental health are especially likely to construe their lives as stories of personal redemption, according to new research. And ... full story

Youth Suicide Rate in Rural Areas Is Nearly Double the Rate in Cities

Mar. 9, 2015 — The adolescent and young-adult suicide rate in the United States was almost twice as high in rural settings than in urban areas between 1996 and 2010, and new research suggests that the gap appears ... full story

Who Am I? New Study Links Early Family Experiences, Self-Esteem With Self-Clarity

Mar. 9, 2015 — Although some children emerge from cold and neglectful family environments as adults with high self-esteem, a new study suggests these people may still be at a relative disadvantage in life, with a ... full story

Smiles, Word Choice Show What Type of Sexism Men Display

Mar. 9, 2015 — If you want to know what a man's true attitude towards the female sex is, carefully watch how he smiles and chats to her. This advice is gleaned from a new study. It sheds light on how sexism subtly ... full story

What’s Your Genetic Destiny? More Than Half of Parents Want to Know Disease Risks for Selves, Kids

Mar. 9, 2015 — Would you want to know if you or your children had risk of hereditary cancer, a genetic risk for cardiovascular disease or carried the gene associated with developing Alzheimer’s ... full story

Sleep Apnea Is Common in Women With Gestational Diabetes

Mar. 8, 2015 — Obstructive sleep apnea is prevalent in obese, pregnant Asian women with gestational diabetes, even when their diabetes is controlled by diet, a new study from Thailand finds. Study results also ... full story

Stress Reduction May Reduce Fasting Glucose in Overweight and Obese Women

Mar. 6, 2015 — A treatment known as mindfulness-based stress reduction may decrease fasting glucose and improve quality of life in overweight and obese women, new research ... full story

Feeling Sleepy? Might Be the Melatonin

Mar. 6, 2015 — Melatonin supplements are commonly used as sleep aids; however, our bodies also make melatonin naturally, and until a recent study using zebrafish, no one knew how -- or even if -- this melatonin ... full story

Most Men With Borderline Testosterone Levels May Have Depression

Mar. 6, 2015 — Men with borderline testosterone levels have higher rates of depression and depressive symptoms than the general population, new research ... full story

Pregnancy Weight Gain Tilts Scales for Child Becoming Obese

Mar. 9, 2015 — For the first time, researchers studied the effects of gestational weight gain on childhood obesity risk among a multi-ethnic urban population. The researchers determined that excessive pregnancy ... full story

Physical Labor, Hypertension and Multiple Meds May Reduce Male Fertility

Mar. 9, 2015 — Working in a physically demanding job, having high blood pressure, and taking multiple medications are among health risks that may undermine a man's fertility, according to a study. The study is the ... full story

Traffic Light Food Labels Strengthen Self-Control

Mar. 9, 2015 — Should food products be labeled with traffic light symbols to make health-related information on ingredients easier to understand? This question has remained a subject of debate. Now researchers have ... full story

Strained Thumb from Texting? Biomechanical Simulations Show How Tablets and Smartphones Stress Joints and Muscles

Mar. 9, 2015 — Spending hours on a computer or sending lots of text messages on a mobile phone can result in a stiff neck and sometimes even a strained thumb. Computer scientists have developed a procedure that ... full story

Liraglutide May Help Overweight and Obese Adults Lose Weight Safely and Effectively

Mar. 8, 2015 — Obesity guidelines recommend an initial weight loss goal of 5 to 10 percent of start weight to improve health. A recent study found that patients who received liraglutide 3.0 mg, combined with fewer ... full story

Have a Sense of Purpose in Life? It May Protect Your Heart

Mar. 6, 2015 — Having a high sense of purpose in life may lower your risk of heart disease and stroke, according to a new ... full story

High-Normal Thyroid Hormone Level in Pregnancy May Affect Fetal Brain Development

Mar. 6, 2015 — A new study finds that not only low but also high maternal thyroid hormone levels during early pregnancy may significantly lower the infant's IQ later in childhood. The study results suggest that the ... full story

Obese Females Who Are Most Unlikely to Lose Weight Are Most in Need of Losing It

Mar. 6, 2015 — In obese females, a close relationship may exist between their disinhibition (detrimental eating and behavioral characteristics) that limits successful weight loss, and impaired metabolism, new ... full story

New Study Points to Better Classrooms for Children With Disabilities

Mar. 6, 2015 — A pilot study in 51 North Carolina classrooms shows the effectiveness of a new measure in assessing the quality of practices in inclusive preschools. Not only is the Inclusive Classroom Profile a ... full story

Losing 30 Minutes of Sleep Per Day May Promote Weight Gain and Adversely Affect Blood Sugar Control

Mar. 6, 2015 — Losing as little as 30 minutes of sleep per day on weekdays can have long-term consequences for body weight and metabolism, a new study ... full story

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Understanding Why a Material's Behavior Changes as It Gets Smaller

Mar. 9, 2015 — To fully understand how nanomaterials behave, one must also understand the atomic-scale deformation mechanisms that determine their structure and, therefore, their strength and ... full story

Benefits of Adding a Second, Smaller Rotor to Wind Turbines

Mar. 9, 2015 — Aerospace engineers are developing dual-rotor technology to improve the energy harvest of wind turbines. The idea to look for better performance by adding a second rotor to wind turbines came from a ... full story

New Angle on X-Ray Measurements

Mar. 9, 2015 — Criminal justice, cosmology and computer manufacturing may not look to have much in common, but these and many other disparate fields all depend on sensitive measurement of X-rays. Scientists have ... full story

Quantum Sensor's Advantages Survive Entanglement Breakdown

Mar. 9, 2015 — The extraordinary promise of quantum information processing -- solving problems that classical computers can't, perfectly secure communication -- depends on a phenomenon called "entanglement," in ... full story

Ultrathin Polymer Insulators Key to Low-Power Soft Electronics

Mar. 9, 2015 — Researchers have developed a high-performance ultrathin polymeric insulator for field-effect transistors. The researchers used vaporized monomers to form polymeric films grown conformally on various ... full story

Tsunami on Demand: Nanoscale Rogue Waves Research Sheds Light on Power to Harness Catastrophic Events

Mar. 9, 2015 — A new study features a nano-optical chip that makes possible generating and controlling nanoscale rogue waves. The innovative chip was developed by an international team of physicists and is expected ... full story

Electrons in Slow Motion

Mar. 9, 2015 — At the origin of the properties of high-temperature superconductors lies a phenomenon that is too fast to be observed experimentally with conventional methods. Scientists have applied a sophisticated ... full story

Secrets of Surfaces' Wrinkling, Folding, Creasing and Delaminating Are Unraveled

Mar. 9, 2015 — The process of wrinkle formation is familiar to anyone who has ever sat in a bathtub a little too long. But exactly why layered materials sometimes form one kind of wrinkly pattern or another -- or ... full story

PET/MR Can Effectively Diagnose Cause of Unclear Foot Pain

Mar. 9, 2015 — A single scan could diagnose the cause of foot pain better and with less radiation exposure to the patient than other methods, according to a study. Imaging with 18F-fluoride positron emission ... full story

Patented Process Builds Better Semiconductors, Improves Electronic Devices

Mar. 9, 2015 — Through a surprise research discovery, a chemical engineer has developed a building better technique for semiconductors. The research may help improve electronic devices and could benefit the power ... full story

Scientists Gather to Prepare for Large Synoptic Survey Telescope

Mar. 9, 2015 — When the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope begins in 2022 to image the entire southern sky from a mountaintop in Chile, it will produce the widest, deepest and fastest views of the night sky ever ... full story

NASA Spacecraft Becomes First to Orbit a Dwarf Planet

Mar. 6, 2015 — NASA's Dawn spacecraft has become the first mission to achieve orbit around a dwarf planet. The spacecraft was approximately 38,000 miles (61,000) kilometers from Ceres when it was captured by the ... full story

'Habitable' Planet GJ 581d Previously Dismissed as Noise Probably Does Exist

Mar. 6, 2015 — A new report has dismissed claims made last year that the first super-Earth planet discovered in the habitable zone of a distant star was 'stellar activity masquerading as planets.' The researchers ... full story

Black Holes and Dark Sector Explained by Quantum Gravity

Mar. 6, 2015 — A quantum version of General Relativity demonstrates that dark energy and dark matter are different manifestations of gravity. The theory calculates the precise value of the cosmological constant, ... full story

Hubble Sees Supernova Split Into Four Images by Cosmic Lens

Mar. 5, 2015 — Astronomers have spotted for the first time a distant supernova split into four images. The multiple images of the exploding star are caused by the powerful gravity of a foreground elliptical galaxy ... full story

Einstein Put to the Test: Satellite Mission on Dark Energy and Theory of Gravitation

Mar. 5, 2015 — Physicists have gained new insights into dark energy and the theory of gravitation by analyzing data from the "Planck" satellite mission of the European Space Agency (ESA). Their results demonstrate ... full story

Space Technology Investigates Large-Scale Changes to Africa's Climate

Mar. 5, 2015 — Researchers have mapped climate and human impacts on Africa's land resources using satellite mapping ... full story

Breakthrough in Energy Harvesting Could Power 'Life on Mars'

Mar. 5, 2015 — Martian colonists could use an innovative new technique to harvest energy from carbon dioxide thanks to new research. The research proposes a new kind of engine for producing energy based on the ... full story

Rapid Changes Observed in a Comet’s Plasma Tail

Mar. 5, 2015 — Images from a December 2013 observation of the comet C/2013 R1 (Lovejoy) reveal clear details about rapidly changing activity in that comet's plasma tail. Astronomers zoomed in to within 0.8 million ... full story

Galactic 'Rain' Explains Why Some Galaxies Are Better at Creating Stars

Mar. 4, 2015 — Some of the galaxies in our universe are veritable star nurseries. For example, our own Milky Way produces, on average, at least one new star every year. Others went barren years ago, now producing ... full story

Optical Fibers Light the Way for Brain-Like Computing

Mar. 10, 2015 — Computers that function like the human brain could soon become a reality thanks to new research using optical fibers made of speciality glass. The research has the potential to allow faster and ... full story

Bioengineers Put Human Hearts on a Chip to Aid Drug Screening

Mar. 9, 2015 — Researchers have created a 'heart-on-a-chip' that effectively uses human cardiac muscle cells derived from adult stem cells to model how a human heart reacts to cardiovascular medications. The system ... full story

Online and Offline: The Changing Face of Meetings

Mar. 9, 2015 — In all but the most disconnected places, most of us are connected to our online social networks and contacts information throughout the working day and either side. Moreover, even in face-to-face ... full story

2D Nitrogenated Crystals New Potential Rival for Graphene

Mar. 9, 2015 — Researchers have, for the first time, developed a simple technique to produce a two-dimensional nitrogen-containing crystal that has the capacity to be a potential rival to graphene and silicon as ... full story

Data Driven Discoveries: Imagine Smart Cities With Thousands of Strategically Placed Sensors

Mar. 6, 2015 — The Array of Things, The Internet of Things, ultimately, “smart” cities have to feature hundreds, maybe thousands, of strategically placed sensors. These devices would record everything from air ... full story

Graphene Meets Heat Waves

Mar. 6, 2015 — Researchers have shed new light on the fundamental mechanisms of heat dissipation in graphene and other two-dimensional materials. They have shown that heat can propagate as a wave over very long ... full story

New Flexible Films for Touch Screen Applications Achieve Longer Lasting Display

Mar. 6, 2015 — Today, touch screens are everywhere, from smart phones and tablets, to computer monitors, to interactive digital signage and displays. Many touch screens are made of layered thin (billionths of a ... full story

Sap-Feeding Butterflies Join Ranks of Natural Phenomenon, the Golden Ratio

Mar. 6, 2015 — Researchers observed that the coiling action of the butterfly proboscis, a tube-like 'mouth' that many butterflies and moths use to feed on fluids, resembled a spiral similar to that of the Golden ... full story

A New Way to Control Information by Mixing Light and Sound

Mar. 6, 2015 — For once, slower is better in a new piece of technology. Scientists have developed a new, radio frequency processing device that allows information to be controlled more effectively, opening the door ... full story

Breakthrough in Nonlinear Optics Research

Mar. 5, 2015 — A method to selectively enhance or inhibit optical nonlinearities in a chip-scale device has been developed by scientists. To achieve their result the scientists investigated a specific optical ... full story

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CO2 Increase Can Intensify Future Droughts in Tropics, Study Suggests

Mar. 9, 2015 — A new article discusses the importance of research that suggests increases in atmospheric CO2 could intensify extreme droughts in tropical and subtropical regions. "This is the first study that ... full story

Progeny of Old Parents Have Fewer Offspring, Sparrow Study Finds

Mar. 9, 2015 — Reproduction at old age involves risks that may impact one's own life and may impose reduced biological fitness on the offspring. Such evidence, previously obtained in humans and other taxa under ... full story

Amphibians, Already Threatened, Face Increased Susceptibility to Disease from Environmental Stress

Mar. 9, 2015 — New research supports the hypothesis that environmental stressors increase salamanders’ susceptibility to infection, based on chronic exposure to corticosterone, a stress ... full story

Biofuel Proteomics: Researchers Use Proteomics to Profile Switchgrass

Mar. 9, 2015 — Researchers used an advanced proteomic techniques to identify 1,750 unique proteins in shoots of switchgrass, a native prairie grass viewed as one of the most promising of all the plants that could ... full story

After 60 Million Years Apart, Two Fern Genera Form Hybrid in the Mountains of France

Mar. 9, 2015 — A fern discovered in the French Pyrenees is a recently formed intergeneric hybrid between parental lineages that diverged from each other approximately 60 million years ago, scientists ... full story

Vegetarian Diet Linked to Lower Risk of Colorectal Cancers

Mar. 9, 2015 — Eating a vegetarian diet was associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancers compared with nonvegetarians in a study of Seventh-Day Adventist men and women, according to a new ... full story

Supplemental Feeding for Endangered Avian Species

Mar. 9, 2015 — Reproductive benefits and hidden costs of supplemental feeding for endangered avian species have been explored in a new study. The research examined the successful recovery of the once critically ... full story

Love, Love Me Do: Male Beetles That Have More Sex Are More Insecure, Study Shows

Mar. 9, 2015 — Males that mate more often are more insecure about their social status than those mating less, according to new research on the behavior of burying beetles. The study provides new evidence that the ... full story

Bioelectrochemical Processes Have the Potential to One Day Replace Petrochemistry: Lysine Production as Example

Mar. 9, 2015 — Researchers have found that the electrification of the white biotechnology is not merely a green dream, but an alternative to petrochemistry with realistic economical potential. Compared to classical ... full story

Go Meta: New Technique Expands Possibilities for Molecular Designers

Mar. 9, 2015 — Chemists have developed a broadly useful technique for building new drug molecules and other chemical ... full story

Early Herders' Grassy Route Through Africa: Old Teeth Show Lake Victoria Wasn't Tsetse Fly Habitat

Mar. 9, 2015 — A new study of nearly 2,000-year-old livestock teeth show that early herders from northern Africa could have traveled past Kenya's Lake Victoria on their way to southern Africa because the area was ... full story

Habitat Degradation, Climate Shifts Impact Survival of the White-Collared Manakin

Mar. 6, 2015 — To better understand the interacting effects of habitat degradation and climate on bird populations, researchers spent 12 years studying the white-collared manakin, a fruit-eating tropical bird, in ... full story

Is the Tasty Blue Crab's Natural Range Creeping North?

Mar. 6, 2015 — Scientists have observed the Atlantic (or Chesapeake) blue crab, a commercially important species, moving north of its native range into the Gulf of ... full story

Atmosphere Above Africa: Clouds and Aerosol Measurements

Mar. 6, 2015 — From Saharan dust storms to icy clouds to smoke on the opposite side of the continent, the first image from NASA's newest cloud- and aerosol-measuring instrument, CATS, provides a profile of the ... full story

New Tool Aids US Conservation, Management of Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises

Mar. 6, 2015 — Researchers have identified more than 100 areas within US waters that should be considered biologically important when making management and regulatory decisions about human activities that could ... full story

Evidence from Glacier Ice: Until It Was Banned, Leaded Gasoline Dominated the Humanmade Lead Emissions in South America

Mar. 6, 2015 — Leaded gasoline was a larger emission source of the toxic heavy metal lead than mining in South America - even though the extraction of metals from the region's mines historically released huge ... full story

Urine Power to Light Camps in Disaster Zones

Mar. 6, 2015 — A toilet, conveniently situated near the Student Union Bar at the University of the West of England, is proving that urine can generate ... full story

Stuck-in-the-Mud Plankton Reveal Ancient Temperatures

Mar. 6, 2015 — New research showing how tiny creatures drifted across the ocean before falling to the seafloor and being fossilized has the potential to improve our understanding of past climates, scientists ... full story

Ancient Mongol Metallurgy an Extreme Polluter

Mar. 6, 2015 — The ancient Mongols have a reputation for having been fierce warriors. A new study shows them to have been unmatched polluters. Researchers found that lead pollution in Lake Erhai peaked at 119 ... full story

How Rain Is Dependent on Soil Moisture

Mar. 6, 2015 — It rains in summer most frequently when the ground holds a lot of moisture. However, precipitation is most likely to fall in regions where the soil is comparatively dry. This is the conclusion ... full story

Amid Chaos of Libya, Newly Unearthed Fossils Give Clues to Our Own Evolution

Mar. 9, 2015 — A discovery of mammal fossils uncovered in the Zallah Oasis in the Sirt Basin of central Libya date back to the early Oligocene, between about 30 and 31 million years ago. Working in the Zallah Oasis ... full story

Karnak: Excavation Yields 38 Artifacts

Mar. 6, 2015 — The excavation of a favissa, a pit discovered in early December 2014 near the temple of the god Ptah, has been completed. The dig has unearthed 38 statues, statuettes and precious objects, making ... full story

The Unlikeliest of Pals? An Indian Soldier Alone Among Yorkshiremen

Mar. 5, 2015 — A shattered pair of spectacles in an Indian museum has helped shed light on the fascinating story of a lone non-white soldier among Yorkshire volunteers fighting on the Western ... full story

Significant Facial Variation in Pre-Columbian South America

Mar. 5, 2015 — A team of anthropology researchers has found significant differences in facial features between all seven pre-Columbian peoples they evaluated from what is now Peru -- disproving a longstanding ... full story

Excavation Reveals Ancient Town and Burial Complex in Diros Bay, Greece

Mar. 4, 2015 — Recent research has uncovered the remains of an ancient town and burial complex that date to the Neolithic and Bronze Age. In addition to the Neolithic 'spooning' couple that has been highlighted in ... full story

Deadly Frog Fungus Dates Back to 1880s, Studies Find

Mar. 4, 2015 — A pair of studies show that the deadly fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, responsible for the extinction of more than 200 amphibian species worldwide, has coexisted harmlessly with animals in ... full story

Discovery of 2.8-Million-Year-Old Jaw Sheds Light on Early Humans

Mar. 4, 2015 — For decades, scientists have been searching for African fossils documenting the earliest phases of the Homo lineage, but specimens recovered from the critical time interval between 3 and 2.5 million ... full story

First-Ever Human Population Adaptation to Toxic Chemical, Arsenic

Mar. 4, 2015 — High up in the high Andes mountains of Argentina, researchers have identified the first-ever evidence of a population uniquely adapted to tolerate the toxic chemical ... full story

Grand Tree of Life Study Shows a Clock-Like Trend in New Species Emergence and Diversity

Mar. 4, 2015 — Researchers have assembled the largest and most accurate tree of life calibrated to time, and surprisingly, it reveals that life has been expanding at a constant rate. The study also challenges the ... full story

Animal Functional Diversity Started out Poor, Became Richer Over Time

Mar. 4, 2015 — The finding refutes a hypothesis by the famed evolutionary biologist Stephen J. Gould that marine creatures underwent an 'early burst' of functional diversity during the dawn of animal ... full story

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Two-Step Treatment Improved Function, Decreased Pain Severity in Veterans

Mar. 9, 2015 — A stepped-care strategy improved function and decreased pain severity, producing at least a 30 percent improvement in pain-related disability, investigators report. Although U.S. military veterans ... full story

Parasite Infection Poses a Greater Risk for African Under-Fives

Mar. 6, 2015 — Children under five living in sub-Saharan Africa are at greater risk than older children of developing a long-term parasitic disease, research ... full story

The Price of Protection: Abused Women and Earnings

Mar. 6, 2015 — 'Why doesn't she just leave?' is a timeworn question about women trapped in relationships that are physically and/or emotionally abusive to them. Economic dependence is clearly part of the ... full story

First Validated Method of Detecting Drugs of Abuse in Exhaled Breath

Mar. 6, 2015 — Drug testing is most commonly performed using urine samples. The methodology and regulations for reliable urine testing are well developed and can be considered the current gold standard for drug ... full story

Researchers Connect Climate Change to Food Safety

Mar. 6, 2015 — Climate change can affect our food safety in a number of ways. In a European study, researchers state that there is often a relationship between long-term changes in temperature and rainfall and ... full story

Fast Food Commercials to Kids 'Deceptive' by Industry Self-Regulation Standards

Mar. 5, 2015 — Fast food ads aimed at kids fail to de-emphasize toy premiums, and fail to emphasize healthy menu items, investigators have ... full story

Nine Steps to Survive 'Most Explosive Era of Infrastructure Expansion in Human History'

Mar. 5, 2015 — A team of scientists call attention to nine issues that must be considered if there is to be any hope of limiting the environmental impacts of the ongoing expansion of new roads, road improvements, ... full story

Flood and Drought Risk to Cities on Rise Even With No Climate Change

Mar. 5, 2015 — A heads-up to New York, Baltimore, Houston and Miami: a new study suggests that these metropolitan areas and others will increase their exposure to floods even in the absence of climate ... full story

Hidden Hazards Found in 'Green' Products

Mar. 5, 2015 — Common consumer products, including those marketed as 'green,' 'all-natural,' 'non-toxic' and 'organic' emit a range of compounds that could harm human health and air quality, researchers have found. ... full story

Reliance on Smartphones Linked to Lazy Thinking

Mar. 5, 2015 — Our smartphones help us find a phone number quickly, provide us with instant directions and recommend restaurants, but new research indicates that this convenience at our fingertips is making it easy ... full story

Women in Business

Mar. 3, 2015 — A sociologist traces systemic bias in favor of male-led businesses to stereotypical beliefs about entrepreneurs. The author didn't doubt that women are at a disadvantage when it comes to establishing ... full story

Stress Markers in Unemployed Linked to Poor Health

Mar. 3, 2015 — It appears that stress markers in unemployed people can be found, independent of smoking, alcohol consumption and overweight/obesity. Results from a study suggest that long-term unemployment may be ... full story

Amphetamine Gets the Job Done: Using Drugs to Work Long Hours

Feb. 20, 2015 — Drugs are usually associated with vulnerable social groups. New research reveals that amphetamine, however, is used by some in physically demanding manual jobs - to sustain long working ... full story

Basic Personality Changes Linked to Unemployment, Study Finds

Feb. 18, 2015 — Unemployment can change peoples' core personalities, making some less conscientious, agreeable and open, which may make it difficult for them to find new jobs, according to new ... full story

Leader of the Pack: Study of Voles and Owls Show Rise of Individuals With Greatest Influence on Collective Group Behavior

Feb. 18, 2015 — Who takes charge during a disaster or at an accident scene? The question has intrigued sociologists since Gustave Le Bon first studied "herd behavior" in nineteenth-century France. The question of an ... full story

How Income Fraud Made the Housing Bubble Worse

Feb. 18, 2015 — New research reveals that, in low-income zip codes, IRS-reported incomes and earnings reported on mortgages in fact differed wildly from 2002 to 2005. The researchers place the blame for falsified ... full story

Women Seek Greater Variety in Men and Consumer Products Near Ovulation

Feb. 17, 2015 — New research suggests women seek more options in dating partners near ovulation -- when they are most fertile -- which may lead them to also seek a greater variety of products and ... full story

Workplace Bullying a Vicious Circle

Feb. 17, 2015 — Bullying at work grinds victims down and makes them an 'easy target' for further abuse according to new research. The research suggests that employers should not only crack down on workplace bullies, ... full story

People Value Resources More Consistently When They Are Scarce

Feb. 12, 2015 — We tend to be economically irrational when it comes to choosing how we use resources like money and time but scarcity can convert us into economically rational decision makers, according to new ... full story

An Internet of Things Reality Check

Feb. 9, 2015 — Connecting different kinds of devices, not just computers and communications devices, to the Internet could lead to new ways of working with a wide range of machinery, sensors, domestic and other ... full story

Creative Genius Driven by Distraction

Mar. 3, 2015 — The literary great Marcel Proust wore ear-stoppers because he was unable to filter out irrelevant noise -- and lined his bedroom with cork to attenuate sound. Now new research suggests why the ... full story

On-Board School Bus Filtration System Reduces Pollutants by 88 Percent

Mar. 2, 2015 — An on-board air filtration system developed specifically for school buses reduces exposure to vehicular pollutants by up to 88 percent, according to a new ... full story

Teachers Become Healthier When They Learn

Mar. 2, 2015 — Several studies have indicated a connection between learning and health. Researchers have now found that the health of school teachers is related to their level of work integrated ... full story

Teacher Prejudices Put Girls Off Math, Science, Study Suggests

Feb. 26, 2015 — Although higher education has already opened the door to equal opportunities for women and minorities in the US in the math and science professions, a new study suggests that elementary school ... full story

Biology Teachers: Understanding Faith, Teaching Evolution Not Mutually Exclusive

Feb. 25, 2015 — Discussing the relationship between science and faith, rather than avoiding the discussion, may better prepare future high school biology teachers for anticipating questions about evolution, ... full story

Education 'Experts' Cited in News Stories May Lack Expertise, Study Finds

Feb. 20, 2015 — A study of education experts cited in news stories and blogs during 2013 finds that some lack background in education policy and ... full story

Delaying Children's School Entry Linked to Poor Academic Performance

Feb. 19, 2015 — Delaying school entry for children could cause poorer academic performance, according to new research. Many parents are keen to hold their children back a year if they were born prematurely or in the ... full story

Teens Increasingly Sleep Deprived

Feb. 16, 2015 — A new study found that female students, racial/ethnic minorities, and students of lower socioeconomic status are less likely to report regularly getting seven or more hours of sleep each night ... full story

Learning With All the Senses: Movement, Images Facilitate Vocabulary Learning

Feb. 5, 2015 — "Atesi" -- what sounds like a word from the Elven language of Lord of the Rings is actually a Vimmish word meaning "thought". Scientists have used Vimmish, an artificial language specifically ... full story

Public and Scientists Express Strikingly Different Views About Science-Related Issues

Jan. 29, 2015 — Despite similar views about the overall place of science in America, the general public and scientists often see science-related issues through a different lens, according to a new pair of ... full story

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