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This is your brain on freestyle rap: Study reveals characteristic brain patterns of lyrical improvisation

Date:
November 15, 2012
Source:
NIH/National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders
Summary:
Researchers have shown that freestyle rapping is associated with a unique functional reallocation of brain activity in the prefrontal cortex and proposes a novel neural network that appears to be intimately involved in improvisatory and creative endeavors.
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Researchers in the voice, speech, and language branch of the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have used functional magnetic resonance imaging to study the brain activity of rappers when they are "freestyling" -- spontaneously improvising lyrics in real time.

The findings, published online in the Nov. 15 issue of the journal Scientific Reports, reveal that this form of vocal improvisation is associated with a unique functional reallocation of brain activity in the prefrontal cortex and proposes a novel neural network that appears to be intimately involved in improvisatory and creative endeavors.

The researchers, led by Siyuan Liu, Ph.D., scanned the brains of 12 freestyle rap artists (who had at least 5 years of rapping experience) while they performed two tasks using an identical 8-bar musical track. For the first task, they improvised rhyming lyrics and rhythmic patterns guided only by the beat. In the second task, they performed a well-rehearsed set of lyrics.

During freestyle rapping, the researchers observed increases in brain activity in the medial prefrontal cortex, a brain region responsible for motivation of thought and action, but decreased activity in dorsolateral prefrontal regions that normally play a supervisory or monitoring role. Like an experienced parent who knows when to lay down the law and when to look the other way, these shifts in brain function may facilitate the free expression of thoughts and words without the usual neural constraints.

Freestyling also increased brain activity in the perisylvian system (involved in language production), the amygdala (an area of the brain linked to emotion), and cingulate motor areas, suggesting that improvisation engages a brain network that links motivation, language, mood, and action. Further studies of this network in other art forms that involve the innovative use of language, such as poetry and storytelling, could offer more insights into the initial, improvisatory phase of the creative process.


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Materials provided by NIH/National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Siyuan Liu, Ho Ming Chow, Yisheng Xu, Michael G. Erkkinen, Katherine E. Swett, Michael W. Eagle, Daniel A. Rizik-Baer, Allen R. Braun. Neural Correlates of Lyrical Improvisation: An fMRI Study of Freestyle Rap. Scientific Reports, 2012; 2 DOI: 10.1038/srep00834

Cite This Page:

NIH/National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. "This is your brain on freestyle rap: Study reveals characteristic brain patterns of lyrical improvisation." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 15 November 2012. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115133154.htm>.
NIH/National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. (2012, November 15). This is your brain on freestyle rap: Study reveals characteristic brain patterns of lyrical improvisation. ScienceDaily. Retrieved March 28, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115133154.htm
NIH/National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. "This is your brain on freestyle rap: Study reveals characteristic brain patterns of lyrical improvisation." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115133154.htm (accessed March 28, 2024).

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