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Researchers find indirect path to attack breast cancer stem cells

Date:
March 20, 2011
Source:
University of Michigan Health System
Summary:
Scientists have identified a potential new way of attacking breast cancer stem cells, the small number of cells in a tumor that fuel its growth and spread.
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Scientists at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified a potential new way of attacking breast cancer stem cells, the small number of cells in a tumor that fuel its growth and spread.

Researchers found that breast cancer stem cells are regulated by a type of cell derived from bone marrow, called mesenchymal stem cells. These cells are drawn from the bone marrow to the cancer and create a "niche" for the cancer stem cells, allowing them to replicate.

"The importance of this is that we may be able to attack breast cancer stem cells indirectly by blocking these signals from the niche," says study author Max S. Wicha, M.D., Distinguished Professor of Oncology and director of the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center.

Breast cancer stem cells were first identified by Wicha and colleagues at the University of Michigan in 2003. Cancer stem cells are believed to be resistant to current chemotherapies and radiation treatment, which researchers say may be the reason cancer so often returns after treatment.

Little is known about the cancer stem cell niche -- a type of microenvironment that is highly associated with tumor growth and metastasis. The researchers looked at mesenchymal stem cells, which arise in bone marrow. They found that breast cancers in mice sent out signals which attracted mesenchymal stem cells from the bone marrow into the tumor where these cells interacted and stimulated the growth of breast cancer stem cells.

Researchers then identified two signals from a cytokine network -- a type of protein that affects how cells communicate -- that were responsible for stem cell regulation. These same cytokines play a role in inflammation and drugs that block them have already been approved for the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. By blocking these cytokine signals, researchers hope that they can successfully target the cancer stem cell population providing a more effective treatment for breast cancer.

Results of the study appear in the Jan. 15 issue of Cancer Research.


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Materials provided by University of Michigan Health System. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. S. Liu, C. Ginestier, S. J. Ou, S. G. Clouthier, S. H. Patel, F. Monville, H. Korkaya, A. Heath, J. Dutcher, C. G. Kleer, Y. Jung, G. Dontu, R. Taichman, M. S. Wicha. Breast Cancer Stem Cells Are Regulated by Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Cytokine Networks. Cancer Research, 2011; 71 (2): 614 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-0538

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University of Michigan Health System. "Researchers find indirect path to attack breast cancer stem cells." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 20 March 2011. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/01/110118101354.htm>.
University of Michigan Health System. (2011, March 20). Researchers find indirect path to attack breast cancer stem cells. ScienceDaily. Retrieved March 18, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/01/110118101354.htm
University of Michigan Health System. "Researchers find indirect path to attack breast cancer stem cells." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/01/110118101354.htm (accessed March 18, 2024).

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