New! Sign up for our free email newsletter.
Science News
from research organizations

Clues to inner atomic life from subtle light-emission shifts

Date:
July 1, 2015
Source:
Springer Science+Business Media
Summary:
Hyperfine structure of light absorption by short-lived cadmium atom isotopes reveals characteristics of the nucleus that matter for high precision detection methods. Atoms absorb and emit light of various wavelengths. Physicists have long known that there are some tiny changes, or shifts, in the light that gets absorbed or emitted, due to the properties of the atomic nucleus. Now, a team of scientists has elucidated the so-called hyperfine structure of cadmium atoms. Relying on a method called laser spectroscopy, they have measured variations in the energy transition within cadmium atom - Cd in the periodic table. They studied a chain of isotopes with an odd number of neutrons ranging from 59 in 107Cd to 75 in 123Cd. From these high-precision measurements, they were able to identify the physical cause of the shift within the nucleus.
Share:
FULL STORY

Hyperfine structure of light absorption by short-lived cadmium atom isotopes reveals characteristics of the nucleus that matter for high precision detection methods.

Atoms absorb and emit light of various wavelengths. Physicists have long known that there are some tiny changes, or shifts, in the light that gets absorbed or emitted, due to the properties of the atomic nucleus. Now, a team of scientists has elucidated the so-called hyperfine structure of cadmium atoms. Relying on a method called laser spectroscopy, they have measured variations in the energy transition within cadmium atom -- Cd in the periodic table. They studied a chain of isotopes with an odd number of neutrons ranging from 59 in 107Cd to 75 in 123Cd. From these high-precision measurements, they were able to identify the physical cause of the shift within the nucleus. These findings by Nadja Frömmgen from the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, in Germany, and international colleagues have now been published in the European Physical Journal D.

Two main factors influence the cadmium atom's hyperfine structure. First, electrons orbiting the nucleus create a magnetic field resulting in a force affecting the nucleus, and splitting its absorption and emission line into a number of finer lines. Second, there are influences from the way the charge is distributed within the nucleus -- a quantity known as the nuclear electric quadrupole moment, which only appears for non-spherical distributions. Some nuclei are shaped like a rugby ball, a frisbee or even a pear.

A peculiar outcome of this study of Cd's hyperfine structure was the observation of a very regular anomaly in the magnetic distribution inside the nucleus -- previously observed only in mercury -- pointing to a possible general feature of nuclei.

The nuclear properties identified from such precision measurement have both theoretical and practical implications in astrophysics, nuclear and plasma physics. They are also important for detection methods such as atomic, chemical and solid-state spectroscopy, as well as nuclear magnetic resonance.


Story Source:

Materials provided by Springer Science+Business Media. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Nadja Frömmgen, Dimiter L. Balabanski, Mark L. Bissell, Jacek Bieroń, Klaus Blaum, Bradley Cheal, Kieran Flanagan, Stephan Fritzsche, Christopher Geppert, Michael Hammen, Magdalena Kowalska, Kim Kreim, Andreas Krieger, Rainer Neugart, Gerda Neyens, Mustafa M. Rajabali, Wilfried Nörtershäuser, Jasna Papuga, Deyan T. Yordanov. Collinear laser spectroscopy of atomic cadmium. The European Physical Journal D, 2015; 69 (6) DOI: 10.1140/epjd/e2015-60219-0

Cite This Page:

Springer Science+Business Media. "Clues to inner atomic life from subtle light-emission shifts." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 1 July 2015. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/07/150701094136.htm>.
Springer Science+Business Media. (2015, July 1). Clues to inner atomic life from subtle light-emission shifts. ScienceDaily. Retrieved March 18, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/07/150701094136.htm
Springer Science+Business Media. "Clues to inner atomic life from subtle light-emission shifts." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/07/150701094136.htm (accessed March 18, 2024).

Explore More

from ScienceDaily

RELATED STORIES