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Inflammatory link discovered between arthritis, heart valve disease

Date:
July 20, 2015
Source:
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute
Summary:
Researchers have used models to identify a potential link between excess production of inflammatory proteins that cause rheumatoid arthritis and the development of heart valve disease. The research team discovered that a critical inflammatory protein involved in rheumatoid arthritis could also lead to inflammation and disease of the heart valves, including aneurysms. The research could lead to improved treatments for rheumatoid arthritis, and suggests investigating existing medicines that dampen inflammation to treat heart valve diseases, such as rheumatic heart disease.
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Australian researchers have used models to identify a potential link between excess production of inflammatory proteins that cause rheumatoid arthritis and the development of heart valve disease.

The research team discovered that a critical inflammatory protein involved in rheumatoid arthritis could also lead to inflammation and disease of the heart valves, including aneurysms. The research could lead to improved treatments for rheumatoid arthritis, and suggests investigating existing medicines that dampen inflammation to treat heart valve diseases, such as rheumatic heart disease.

The team, led by Walter and Eliza Hall Institute researcher Dr Philippe Bouillet, Dr Derek Lacey and colleagues, identified critical regions of the DNA that control production of the inflammatory protein, called TNF (tumour necrosis factor).

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects two per cent of the Australian population, causing debilitating joint pain and damage. Many people with rheumatoid arthritis make too much TNF, which recruits immune cells that damage the joints and keeps the body in a perpetual state of inflammation.

The link between TNF overproduction and the development of rheumatoid arthritis has been known for many years. However Dr Bouillet's team has identified new regions of the DNA critical for destabilising the molecule.

"People with rheumatoid arthritis have too much TNF in their joints and in their blood," Dr Bouillet said. "We have identified a previously unknown way that the body destabilises the molecules during the process of TNF production to stop too much of the protein being made. We could essentially develop agents that put a spanner in the works, stopping the factory production of TNF."

Treating rheumatoid arthritis patients with drugs that 'mop up' excess TNF has been very effective in managing the disease, Dr Bouillet said. However they do have a downside.

"Up to 50 per cent of patients become unresponsive to anti-TNF drugs because they develop immunity to this foreign protein," he said. "We think targeting the regions of the DNA that destabilise the molecule could be an innovative way to interfere with protein production to dampen the amount of TNF being made."

The study identified that existing drugs that mop-up excess TNF could help in treating inflammatory diseases affecting heart valves.

"This is the first time that we have linked the overproduction of TNF to heart valve disease," Dr Bouillet said. "While it seems that genetics makes a substantial difference to the severity of the heart disease in our models, it does suggest that in humans we may be able to better diagnose heart valve disease in people with rheumatoid arthritis in the future."

Dr Bouillet also said that existing drugs that block and remove TNF could be investigated for treating heart valve diseases.

"Clinicians have trialled drugs that target TNF in the past, but for diseases of the heart muscle and with poor effect," Dr Bouillet said. "Our studies suggest that excessive TNF drives heart valve -- rather than heart muscle -- diseases, and may be worth investigating for inflammatory diseases affecting the heart valves, such as rheumatic heart disease."


Story Source:

Materials provided by Walter and Eliza Hall Institute. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Derek Lacey, Peter Hickey, Benedicta D. Arhatari, Lorraine A. O’reilly, Leona Rohrbeck, Helen Kiriazis, Xiao-Jun Du, and Philippe Bouillet. Spontaneous retrotransposon insertion into TNF 3′UTR causes heart valve disease and chronic polyarthritis. PNAS, July 2015 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1508399112

Cite This Page:

Walter and Eliza Hall Institute. "Inflammatory link discovered between arthritis, heart valve disease." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 20 July 2015. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/07/150720154208.htm>.
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute. (2015, July 20). Inflammatory link discovered between arthritis, heart valve disease. ScienceDaily. Retrieved March 28, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/07/150720154208.htm
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute. "Inflammatory link discovered between arthritis, heart valve disease." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/07/150720154208.htm (accessed March 28, 2024).

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