This award will allow engineers and scientists to complete design work already underway so that the LSST can begin construction in 2009. This unique system for surveying the heavens is made possible by advances in several technologies including:

* Large optics fabrication to create the telescope's distinctive 3-mirror design, which includes a convex 4-meter secondary mirror, the size of many primary mirrors on today's large research telescopes.

* Data management systems to process and catalog the 30 terabytes of data generated nightly, the equivalent of 7,000 DVDs.

* New detectors needed to build the LSST's 3 billion pixel digital camera, the largest ever created.

The LSST will image an area of the sky roughly 50 times that of the full moon every 15 seconds, opening a movie-like window on objects that change or move on rapid time scales. Such objects include supernovae explosions that can be seen halfway across the universe, nearby asteroids which might potentially strike Earth, and faint objects in the outer solar system far beyond Pluto. Using the light-bending gravity of dark matter, the LSST will chart the history of the expansion of the universe and probe the mysterious nature of dark energy.

The LSST data will be "open" to the public and scientists around the world - anyone with a web browser will be able to access the images and other data produced by the LSST. "The LSST is a public-private partnership and will offer a 'New Sky' available to everyone," said LSST Director J. Anthony Tyson of the University of California, Davis. "Curious minds of all ages will be able to ask new questions of the LSST's public database and zoom into a color movie of the deep universe."

The LSST Corporation awarded a $2.3 million contract to the University of Arizona Steward Observatory Mirror Lab in January, 2005, to purchase the glass and begin engineering work for the LSST's 8.4-meter diameter main mirror. Although the final site for the LSST has not been decided, the telescope will be placed in one of three candidate locations -- Las Campanas, Chile; Cerro Pachon, Chile; or San Pedro Martir, Baja California, Mexico.

The LSST has been identified as a national scientific priority in reports by several National Academy of Sciences and federal agency advisory committees. This judgment is based upon the LSST's ability to address some of the most pressing open questions in astronomy and fundamental physics, while driving advances in data-intensive science and computing. The National Academy of Sciences "Quarks-to-Cosmos" report recommended the LSST as an incisive probe of the nature of dark energy. The LSST will open a new frontier in addressing time variable phenomena in astronomy, according to a May 2000 academy report "Astronomy and Astrophysics in the New Millennium."

In 2003, the University of Arizona, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Research Corporation, and the University of Washington, formed the LSST Corporation, a non-profit 501(c)3 Arizona corporation, with headquarters in Tucson, AZ. Membership has expanded to include Brookhaven National Laboratory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Johns Hopkins University. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, University of California, Davis, and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

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