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ShareScienceDaily (Dec. 2, 2005) — The disruption of a molecular bridge that holds together the molecule p53 tends to destabilize this protein, allowing it to form potentially disease-causing aggregates, or "clumps," according to a study by investigators at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.
The mutation that causes clumps to form is associated only with the pediatric cancer adrenocortical carcinoma (cancer of the outer layer of the adrenal gland), suggesting a link between clump formation for mutant p53 in adrenal cells and the resulting cancer. Although the current finding only suggests a link between p53 clumps and adrenocortical carcinoma, mutations that disrupt various proteins have broader implications. The resulting aggregates, called amyloid fibrils, are also associated with diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
When the p53 gene is mutated, the defective p53 proteins that are produced cannot trigger the feedback mechanism that normally controls the protein's levels, according to Richard W. Kriwacki, Ph.D., an associate member of the Department of Structural Biology.
"The more defective p53 protein there is, the more chance there is for some of these proteins to become destabilized and form dysfunctional fibrils," said Kriwacki, senior author of a report on this work that appears in the pre-publication issue of Protein Science.
Other authors of this paper include Charles Galea, Ph.D., a postdoctoral fellow who did much of the work on this project; and Prentice Bowman, a student at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine who was formally a member of the St. Jude Pediatric Oncology Education Program and the Rhodes College/St. Jude SummerPlus Program.
This work was supported in part by the National Cancer Institute, a Cancer Center (CORE) Support Grant, ALSAC and the Robert and Ruby Priddy Charitable Trust.
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital is internationally recognized for its pioneering work in finding cures and saving children with cancer and other catastrophic diseases. Founded by late entertainer Danny Thomas and based in Memphis, Tenn., St. Jude freely shares its discoveries with scientific and medical communities around the world. No family ever pays for treatments not covered by insurance, and families without insurance are never asked to pay. St. Jude is financially supported by ALSAC, its fund-raising organization. For more information, please visit www.stjude.org.
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.
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