“Aging occurs because the complex biological molecules of which we are all composed become dysfunctional over time as the energy necessary to keep them structurally sound diminishes. Thus, our molecules must be repaired or replaced frequently by our own extensive repair systems,” Hayflick said.

“These repair systems, which are also composed of complex molecules,” he explained, “eventually suffer the same molecular dysfunction. The time when the balance shifts in favor of the accumulation of dysfunctional molecules is determined by natural selection — and leads to the manifestation of age changes that we recognize are characteristic of an old person or animal. It must occur after both reach reproductive maturity, otherwise the species would vanish.”

Hayflick also noted that these repair and maintenance systems are called “determinants of longevity,” which is a phenomenon different from the aging process itself.

“These fundamental molecular dysfunctional events lead to an increase in vulnerability to age-associated disease,” he said. “Therefore, the study, and even the resolution of age-associated diseases, will tell us little about the fundamental processes of aging.”

*He will be speaking at a symposium at the upcoming World Congress of Gerontology and Geriatrics, taking place from July 5–9, 2009, in Paris, France.

Hayflick’s discoveries — described in his book, “How and Why We Age” — have been reinforced by several other leading biologists, who will join him at the Paris symposium.

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

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