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Blood transfusion
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure in which donated blood or blood components are transferred into a person’s bloodstream. It is commonly used to replace blood lost during surgery, trauma, or childbirth, and to treat conditions such as anemia, certain cancers, and blood clotting disorders. Transfusions can involve whole blood or specific components like red blood cells, plasma, platelets, or clotting factors, depending on the patient’s needs.
Before a transfusion, blood is carefully matched for compatibility between the donor and recipient, particularly for blood type and Rh factor, to prevent immune reactions. The process is typically performed in a hospital or clinical setting, monitored by medical professionals, and usually takes one to four hours depending on the volume and type of blood being transfused.
Blood transfusions are considered safe and life-saving, though minor side effects such as fever or allergic reactions can occur. In rare cases, more serious complications like hemolytic reactions or infections may arise, which is why rigorous screening and testing protocols are followed. Blood transfusion remains a critical tool in modern medicine, supporting recovery and survival in a wide range of medical situations.
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