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Distant world's weather is mixed bag of hot dust, molten rain

Date:
November 3, 2015
Source:
University of Edinburgh
Summary:
Weather patterns in a mysterious world beyond our solar system have been revealed for the first time, report scientists. Layers of clouds, made up of hot dust and droplets of molten iron, have been detected on a planet-like object found 75 light years from Earth, the researchers say.
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Weather patterns in a mysterious world beyond our solar system have been revealed for the first time, a study suggests.

Layers of clouds, made up of hot dust and droplets of molten iron, have been detected on a planet-like object found 75 light years from Earth, researchers say.

Findings from the study could improve scientists' ability to find out if conditions in far-off planets are capable of sustaining life, the team of astronomers suggests.

A team led by the University of Edinburgh used a telescope in Chile to study the weather systems in the distant world -- known as PSO J318.5-22 -- which is estimated to be around 20 million-years-old.

Researchers captured hundreds of infra-red images of the object as it rotated over a 5-hour period. By comparing the brightness of PSO J318.5-22 with neighbouring bodies, the team discovered that it is covered in multiple layers of thick and thin cloud. These cause changes to the brightness of the distant world as it rotates, the team says.

The far-off world is around the same size as Jupiter -- the largest planet in our solar system -- but is roughly eight times more massive, the team says. Temperatures inside clouds on PSO J318.5-22 exceed 800°C, researchers say.

The team were able to accurately measure changes in brightness on PSO J318.5-22 because it does not orbit a star. Stars like our sun emit huge amounts of light, which can complicate measurements made of the brightness of objects orbiting them, researchers say.

The team hopes to adapt the technique so they can study planets that do orbit stars. Such techniques may eventually be applicable to cooler, lower mass planets, which are more likely to be capable of supporting life, researchers say.

The study, published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, was funded by the Science and Technology Facilities Council. The work was carried out in collaboration with researchers based in the US, Germany, France and Spain.

Dr Beth Biller, of the University of Edinburgh's School of Physics and Astronomy, who led the study, said: "This discovery shows just how ubiquitous clouds are in planets and planet-like objects. We're working on extending this technique to giant planets around young stars, and eventually we hope to detect weather in Earth-like exoplanets that may harbour life."


Story Source:

Materials provided by University of Edinburgh. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Beth A. Biller, Johanna Vos, Mariangela Bonavita, Esther Buenzli, Claire Baxter, Ian J. M. Crossfield, Katelyn Allers, Michael C. Liu, Mickaël Bonnefoy, Niall Deacon, Wolfgang Brandner, Joshua E. Schlieder, Trent Dupuy, Taisiya Kopytova, Elena Manjavacas, France Allard, Derek Homeier, Thomas Henning. VARIABILITY IN A YOUNG, L/T TRANSITION PLANETARY-MASS OBJECT. The Astrophysical Journal, 2015; 813 (2): L23 DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/813/2/L23

Cite This Page:

University of Edinburgh. "Distant world's weather is mixed bag of hot dust, molten rain." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 3 November 2015. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/11/151103100248.htm>.
University of Edinburgh. (2015, November 3). Distant world's weather is mixed bag of hot dust, molten rain. ScienceDaily. Retrieved March 28, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/11/151103100248.htm
University of Edinburgh. "Distant world's weather is mixed bag of hot dust, molten rain." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/11/151103100248.htm (accessed March 28, 2024).

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