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Scientists identify new switch to boost memory

Date:
June 22, 2016
Source:
University of California, Irvine
Summary:
New insight into the process that converts experiences into stable long-term memories has been uncovered by neurobiologists. The research team discovered that chemical modifications that add methyl groups to RNA, a process known as methylation, could strengthen memory formation.
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New insight into the process that converts experiences into stable long-term memories has been uncovered by neurobiologists from the University of California, Irvine and the University of Queensland.

The team, led by Timothy Bredy, UCI associate professor of neurobiology & behavior, discovered that chemical modifications that add methyl groups to RNA, a process known as methylation, could strengthen memory formation. Results appear June 22 in the Journal of Neuroscience.

The modification of RNA by methylation can affect how it functions within a cell. When the researchers reduced the brain levels of an enzyme that removes methyl groups from RNA, the result was a boost in memory formation.

"By genetically silencing an enzyme in a specific region of the brain involved in memory and adaptive behavior, we saw much better memory recall in mice," said Jocelyn Widagdo, postdoctoral fellow and co-lead author of the study from the Queensland Brain Institute in Australia.

To investigate the possible role of RNA methylation in the formation of new memories, Bredy and his colleagues searched the entire genome for methylated RNA in brain tissue from mice recently trained on a learning task. They found widespread changes in a recently identified epigenetic mark, N6-methyladenosine (m6A), on RNA when new memories were formed. Epigenetic processes are believed to be the molecular link between our genes and the environment, such as during learning.

"Our findings show that memory processing is not just influenced by epigenetic control over our DNA but also occur at the level of RNA, variations in which act like a messenger in our cells," said Bredy. "m6A shows enormous potential because the process can rapidly fine-tune our gene function and expression, which is often impaired in a variety of neurological disorders."

According to the researchers, a next step would be for them to determine what happens to the process during other forms of learning, and whether the network is disrupted in memory-related disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder or phobia.


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Materials provided by University of California, Irvine. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. J. Widagdo, Q.-Y. Zhao, M.-J. Kempen, M. C. Tan, V. S. Ratnu, W. Wei, L. Leighton, P. A. Spadaro, J. Edson, V. Anggono, T. W. Bredy. Experience-Dependent Accumulation of N6-Methyladenosine in the Prefrontal Cortex Is Associated with Memory Processes in Mice. Journal of Neuroscience, 2016; 36 (25): 6771 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4053-15.2016

Cite This Page:

University of California, Irvine. "Scientists identify new switch to boost memory." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 22 June 2016. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/06/160622164858.htm>.
University of California, Irvine. (2016, June 22). Scientists identify new switch to boost memory. ScienceDaily. Retrieved March 28, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/06/160622164858.htm
University of California, Irvine. "Scientists identify new switch to boost memory." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/06/160622164858.htm (accessed March 28, 2024).

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