ScienceDaily (June 16, 2008) — New research suggests that how often Old Faithful and other Yellowstone geysers erupt may depend on annual rainfall patterns.

Geysers are rare hot springs that periodically erupt bursts of steam and hot water. Old Faithful has remained faithful for at least the past 135 years, showering appreciative tourists every 50 to 90 minutes (most recently an average of 91 minutes).

USGS researcher Shaul Hurwitz and his colleagues from Stanford University and Yellowstone National Park have discovered that changes of water supply to a geyser's underground plumbing may have a large influence on eruption intervals; that is, the time between eruptions.  For example, geysers appear to lengthen and shorten their intervals on cycles that mimic annual dry and wet periods.

Multi-year precipitation records also strongly correlate with geyser behavior.  Based on these results, the study proposes that an extended drought should result in longer intervals between eruptions, and perhaps even cessation of activity in some geysers. In contrast, in years with high precipitation, eruption intervals should be more frequent. 

Additional information: Geysers are extremely rare; perhaps less than 1000 exist worldwide, with more than half of them in Yellowstone National Park.  The famous Old Faithful Geyser was named in 1870 during the Washburn-Langford-Doane Yellowstone expedition and was the first geyser in the Park to be named. 

Old Faithful eruptions can be viewed on any computer on Earth via a video camera deployed by the National Park Service. Instrumental data which records geyser eruption times is available at the Geyser Observation and Study Association web site.  Long-term meteorological trends can be inferred from seasonal streamflow trends like those in the Madison River.

This study is a cooperative effort involving the U.S. Geological Survey and the National Park Service.

Journal reference:

1. . Climate-Induced Variations of Geyser Periodicity in Yellowstone National Park, USA. Geology, June, 2008

enlarge

New research suggests that how often Old Faithful and other Yellowstone geysers erupt may depend on annual rainfall patterns. (Credit: USGS)

Related Stories

Quake In Alaska Changed Yellowstone Geysers (June 1, 2004) — A powerful earthquake that rocked Alaska in 2002 not only triggered small earthquakes almost 2,000 miles away at Wyoming's Yellowstone National Park – as was reported at the time – ...  > read more

Yellowstone's Ancient Supervolcano: Molten Plume Of Material Cooler Than Expected (Aug. 28, 2008) — The geysers of Yellowstone National Park owe their existence to the "Yellowstone hotspot" -- a region of molten rock buried deep beneath Yellowstone, geologists have ...  > read more

Tiny Crystals Predict A Huge Volcano In Western United States (July 23, 2001) — Reading the geochemical fine print found in tiny crystals of the minerals zircon and quartz, scientists are forming a new picture of the life history - and a geologic timetable - of a type of volcano ...  > read more

Microbial Transport At Yellowstone: By Land, Sea Or Air? (Nov. 17, 2000) — Humans have a penchant for travel – driving, sailing and flying over the planet in search of new places to live. So do microbes, say researchers at the University of Illinois who have been ...  > read more

Search ScienceDaily

Volcano Warning!