New! Sign up for our free email newsletter.
Reference Terms
from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Estrogen

Estrogens (also oestrogens) are a group of steroid compounds, named for their importance in the oestrus cycle, and functioning as the primary female sex hormone. While estrogens are present in both men and women, they are usually present at significantly higher levels in women of reproductive age. They promote the development of female secondary sex characteristics, such as breasts, and are also involved in the thickening of the endometrium and other aspects of regulating the menstrual cycle. Like all steroid hormones, estrogens readily diffuse across the cell membrane; inside the cell, they interact with estrogen receptors. The three major naturally occurring estrogens in women are estradiol, estriol and estrone. Estrogens are used as part of some oral contraceptives and also in estrogen replacement therapy of post-menopausal women.

Related Stories
 


Health & Medicine News

April 1, 2026

A surprising breakthrough suggests that a drug best known as Viagra could help treat a devastating childhood disease. Researchers found that sildenafil significantly improved symptoms in patients ...
DNA robots are emerging as tiny programmable machines that could one day deliver drugs, hunt viruses, and build molecular-scale devices. By borrowing ideas from traditional robotics and combining them with DNA folding techniques, scientists are ...
Salt substitutes offer a simple, low-cost way to reduce sodium intake and improve blood pressure, yet very few Americans actually use them—even among those who need them most. A large national analysis spanning nearly two decades found that usage ...
Scientists have uncovered a surprising secret about our DNA: it’s not a static blueprint, but a constantly shifting, folding structure that helps control how genes turn on and off. Researchers at the Salk Institute found that different parts of ...
A breakthrough urine test could dramatically speed up how doctors treat urinary tract infections, identifying the right antibiotic in under six hours instead of waiting days. By testing directly from urine—skipping the usual lab culturing ...
A dramatic surge in kratom-related poison center calls is raising alarm among health experts, as new data shows cases have jumped more than 1,200% over the past decade. Alongside the spike, hospitalizations and deaths linked to the widely available ...
A new study suggests that simplifying your diet by eating the same meals and keeping your calorie intake consistent could help you lose more weight. Researchers found that people who followed predictable eating routines during a 12-week program lost ...
Deep sleep does far more than rest the body — it activates a powerful brain-driven system that controls growth hormone, fueling muscle and bone strength, metabolism, and even mental performance. ...
A major analysis of nearly 10,000 patients shows that simple, non-drug treatments like knee braces, hydrotherapy, and exercise can significantly ease knee osteoarthritis symptoms. These approaches not only reduce pain and improve mobility, but also ...
A large U.S. study reveals that more than a quarter of people with hard-to-treat high blood pressure may have an overlooked hormone problem. Elevated cortisol—often linked to stress—was found in 27% of these patients, far higher than expected. ...
A powerful cholesterol-lowering drug may be changing the rules of heart disease prevention. Researchers found that evolocumab, typically used for people who already have cardiovascular disease, can significantly cut the risk of first-time heart ...
Just a few minutes of getting out of breath each day could dramatically cut your risk of major diseases—including heart disease, dementia, and diabetes. A large study of nearly 100,000 people found that it’s not just how much you move, but how ...

Latest Headlines

updated 12:56 pm ET