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Tiny laser created using nanoparticles

Date:
January 3, 2017
Source:
Aalto University
Summary:
Researchers have developed a plasmonic nanolaser that operates at visible light frequencies and uses so-called dark lattice modes.
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Researchers at Aalto University, Finland are the first to develop a plasmonic nanolaser that operates at visible light frequencies and uses so-called dark lattice modes.

The laser works at length scales 1000 times smaller than the thickness of a human hair. The lifetimes of light captured in such small dimensions are so short that the light wave has time to wiggle up and down only a few tens or hundreds of times. The results open new prospects for on-chip coherent light sources, such as lasers, that are extremely small and ultrafast.

The laser operation in this work is based on silver nanoparticles arranged in a periodic array. In contrast to conventional lasers, where the feedback of the lasing signal is provided by ordinary mirrors, this nanolaser utilizes radiative coupling between silver nanoparticles. These 100-nanometer-sized particles act as tiny antennas. To produce high intensity laser light, the interparticle distance was matched with the lasing wavelength so that all particles of the array radiate in unison. Organic fluorescent molecules were used to provide the input energy (the gain) that is needed for lasing.

Light from the dark

A major challenge in achieving lasing this way was that light may not exist long enough in such small dimensions to be helpful. The researchers found a smart way around this potential problem: they produced lasing in dark modes.

"A dark mode can be intuitively understood by considering regular antennas: A single antenna, when driven by a current, radiates strongly, whereas two antennas -- if driven by opposite currents and positioned very close to each other -- radiate very little," explains Academy Professor Päivi Törmä. "A dark mode in a nanoparticle array induces similar opposite-phase currents in each nanoparticle, but now with visible light frequencies," she continues.

"Dark modes are attractive for applications where low power consumption is needed. But without any tricks, dark mode lasing would be quite useless because the light is essentially trapped at the nanoparticle array and cannot leave," adds staff scientist Tommi Hakala. "But by utilizing the small size of the array, we found an escape route for the light. Towards the edges of the array, the nanoparticles start to behave more and more like regular antennas that radiate to the outer world," tells Ph.D. student Heikki Rekola.

The research team used the nanofabrication facilities and cleanrooms of the national OtaNano research infrastructure.

The results have been published in the journal Nature Communications.


Story Source:

Materials provided by Aalto University. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. T. K. Hakala, H. T. Rekola, A. I. Väkeväinen, J.-P. Martikainen, M. Nečada, A. J. Moilanen, P. Törmä. Lasing in dark and bright modes of a finite-sized plasmonic lattice. Nature Communications, 2017; 8: 13687 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13687

Cite This Page:

Aalto University. "Tiny laser created using nanoparticles." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 3 January 2017. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/01/170103122326.htm>.
Aalto University. (2017, January 3). Tiny laser created using nanoparticles. ScienceDaily. Retrieved October 7, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/01/170103122326.htm
Aalto University. "Tiny laser created using nanoparticles." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/01/170103122326.htm (accessed October 7, 2024).

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