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Exciting new developments for polymers made from waste sulfur

Date:
June 23, 2020
Source:
University of Liverpool
Summary:
Researchers are making significant progress in the quest to develop new sulfur polymers that provide an environmentally friendly alternative to some traditional petrochemical based plastics.
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Researchers at the University of Liverpool are making significant progress in the quest to develop new sulfur polymers that provide an environmentally friendly alternative to some traditional petrochemical based plastics.

University of Liverpool chemist and Royal Society Research Fellow, Dr Tom Hasell and his team, have published two papers which demonstrate practical and exciting developments for sulfur polymer technologies and application.

This new research builds on their game changing discovery in 2019 when they reported a new catalytic process to make polymers out of sulfur.

Sulfur is a waste product from many industrial processes and in recent years a growing number of materials scientists have become interested in using it as an environmentally alternative to oil from which to manufacture plastics. As well as being in plentiful supply, sulfur also has the added advantage of leading to more easily recyclable polymers.

In a paper published in Angewandte Chemie, Dr Hasell and colleagues make an exciting discovery that addresses the weakness of sulfur polymers, a factor that has limited its application.

Led by PhD student Peiyao Yan, the paper demonstrates that adding a second type of bonding, urethane bonds, to the materials increases the strength of sulfur polymers by up to 135 times. The way this second type of bonding is introduced means that its amount can be controlled, and in turn controls the physical properties of the polymers.

The strengthened sulfur polymers were found to have shape-memory effects -- they can be set in one shape, before being temporarily deformed into another. When heated a little, they 'remember' the previous shape and go back to it. This setting process and temporary deformation can be repeated multiple times.

This is a first for sulfur polymers, and despite these unusual properties, the sulfur bonds of the polymers mean they are still easy to recycle and opens up potential applications in areas such as soft robotics, medicine, and self-repairing objects.

In a second paper, published in Chemical Science, Dr Hasell's group teamed up with researchers at Flinders University in Australia to show that sulfur polymers could form rubber like materials that could be easily self-repaired to their original strength within minutes, just by applying an amine catalyst that helps the bonds in the broken surfaces heal back together.

This new kind of rubber and catalyst can be used with low energy consumption to make flexible, repairable, sustainable objects -- providing a very real and useful application for these new sulfur polymers.

Dr Tom Hasell said: "Both of these papers really show the potential of polymers made from waste sulfur to be a viable replacement material for some traditional petrochemical based plastics.

"Not only as a substitute material, but as one that is easier to recycle, and has exciting new properties for materials chemists to explore.

"We are excited to see what ideas researchers have for using these new findings, in particular the memory shape and "re-programming" properties."


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Materials provided by University of Liverpool. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal References:

  1. Peiyao Yan, Wei Zhao, Bowen Zhang, Liang Jiang, Samuel Petcher, Jessica A. Smith, Douglas J. Parker, Andrew I. Cooper, Jingxin Lei, Tom Hasell. Inverse Vulcanized Polymers with Shape Memory, Enhanced Mechanical Properties, and Vitrimer Behavior. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2020; DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004311
  2. Samuel J. Tonkin, Christopher T. Gibson, Jonathan A. Campbell, David A. Lewis, Amir Karton, Tom Hasell, Justin M. Chalker. Chemically induced repair, adhesion, and recycling of polymers made by inverse vulcanization. Chemical Science, 2020; 11 (21): 5537 DOI: 10.1039/D0SC00855A

Cite This Page:

University of Liverpool. "Exciting new developments for polymers made from waste sulfur." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 23 June 2020. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/06/200623104238.htm>.
University of Liverpool. (2020, June 23). Exciting new developments for polymers made from waste sulfur. ScienceDaily. Retrieved December 9, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/06/200623104238.htm
University of Liverpool. "Exciting new developments for polymers made from waste sulfur." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/06/200623104238.htm (accessed December 9, 2024).

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