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The structural memory of water persists on a picosecond timescale

Date:
September 18, 2015
Source:
Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Summary:
The local structural dynamics of liquid water, such as how quickly water molecules change their binding state, has now been characterized by a team of scientists. Using innovative ultrafast vibrational spectroscopies, the researchers show why liquid water is unique when compared to most other molecular liquids.
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A team of scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research (MPI-P) in Mainz, Germany and FOM Institute AMOLF in the Netherlands has characterized the local structural dynamics of liquid water, i.e. how quickly water molecules change their binding state. Using innovative ultrafast vibrational spectroscopies, the researchers show why liquid water is unique when compared to most other molecular liquids. This study has recently been published in the scientific journal Nature Communications.

With the help of a novel combination of ultrafast laser experiments, the scientists found that local structures persist in water for longer than a picosecond, a picosecond (ps) being one thousandth of one billionth of a second (10-12 s). This observation changes the general perception of water as a solvent. "71% of Earth's surface is covered with water. As most chemical and biological reactions on earth occur in water or at the air water interface in oceans or in clouds, the details of how water behaves at the molecular level are crucial. Our results show that water cannot be treated as a continuum, but that specific local structures exist and are likely very important" says Mischa Bonn, director at the MPI-P.

Water is a very special liquid with extremely fast dynamics. Water molecules wiggle and jiggle on sub-picosecond timescales, which make them undistinguishable on this timescale. While the existence of very short-lived local structures -- e.g. two water molecules that are very close to one another, or are very far apart from each other -- is known to occur, it was commonly believed that they lose the memory of their local structure within less than 0.1 picoseconds.

The proof for relatively long-lived local structures in liquid water was obtained by measuring the vibrations of the Oxygen-Hydrogen (O-H) bonds in water. For this purpose the team of scientists used ultrafast infrared spectroscopy, particularly focusing on water molecules that are weakly (or strongly) hydrogen-bonded to their neighboring water molecules. The scientists found that the vibrations live much longer (up to about 1 ps) for water molecules with a large separation, than for those that are very close (down to 0.2 ps). In other words, the weakly bound water molecules remain weakly bound for a remarkably long time.


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Journal Reference:

  1. Sietse T. van der Post, Cho-Shuen Hsieh, Masanari Okuno, Yuki Nagata, Huib J. Bakker, Mischa Bonn, Johannes Hunger. Strong frequency dependence of vibrational relaxation in bulk and surface water reveals sub-picosecond structural heterogeneity. Nature Communications, 2015; 6: 8384 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9384

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Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research. "The structural memory of water persists on a picosecond timescale." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 18 September 2015. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/09/150918083121.htm>.
Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research. (2015, September 18). The structural memory of water persists on a picosecond timescale. ScienceDaily. Retrieved March 28, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/09/150918083121.htm
Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research. "The structural memory of water persists on a picosecond timescale." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/09/150918083121.htm (accessed March 28, 2024).

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