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Removing belly fat before it sticks to you

Researchers produce fat busting proteins in the laboratory

Date:
March 19, 2020
Source:
University of Cincinnati
Summary:
Researchers are producing in the lab a human protein tasked with removing triglycerides from the blood stream. Unlocking the secrets of human protein APOA 5 gives us a leg up in treating heart disease.
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Triglycerides, those fats that seem to be the bane of any diet, remain a mystery for many researchers. Plenty of them are in Big Macs, deep pan pizza and the like, but some are a necessity to fuel the body for daily activities.

Researchers Mark Castleberry, a doctoral student, and professor Sean Davidson, both in the UC College of Medicine, have found a way to produce in the laboratory a human protein produced in the liver known as Apolipoprotein A5 (APOA 5). It plays an important role in metabolizing and clearing excess levels of triglycerides from the bloodstream.

Their findings are available in the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology's Journal of Lipid Research online. Castleberry, who is studying in the UC Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, is the paper's first author.

"We are really interested in understanding triglycerides because hypertriglyceridemia -- too much fat in your blood -- is a big factor leading to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity and other health concerns," explains Davidson, who holds appointments in UC's departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology. "When you have a lot of fat that is hanging around in your circulation it's important to clear as much of it out as soon as possible."

"APOA5 is highly involved in how fast triglycerides get taken out of your circulation," says Davidson, who has a doctorate in biochemistry. "The more APOA5 you have the faster the triglyceride is removed. Everybody agrees it is an important protein but scientists don't know much about its structure or how it does what it does. If we could figure out how it works we could come up with a drug that uses the same mechanism or trigger it to work better."

Castleberry says researchers inserted a human gene coded by DNA into bacteria genetically engineered to produce human proteins. Once those proteins were produced they were removed from the host and purified for use in studies at the lab bench and in mouse models.

"We can quickly make a much greater amount of this protein using bacterial production than if we tried to isolate it from blood in humans," explains Castleberry. "The mice in this study were basically fed a large bowl of fat and triglycerides."

"We could analyze their blood after we fed them and observe the level of fat change as they digested the meal," said Castleberry. "We were able to give our protein to the mice that had that fatty meal and rapidly clear the triglycerides that would have accumulated in their blood."


Story Source:

Materials provided by University of Cincinnati. Original written by Cedric Ricks. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Mark Castleberry, Xenia Davis, Min Liu, Thomas B. Thompson, Patrick Tso, W. Sean Davidson. Functional recombinant apolipoprotein A5 that is stable at high concentrations at physiological pH. Journal of Lipid Research, 2020; 61 (2): 244 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.D119000103

Cite This Page:

University of Cincinnati. "Removing belly fat before it sticks to you." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 19 March 2020. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/03/200319194146.htm>.
University of Cincinnati. (2020, March 19). Removing belly fat before it sticks to you. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 11, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/03/200319194146.htm
University of Cincinnati. "Removing belly fat before it sticks to you." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/03/200319194146.htm (accessed November 11, 2024).

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