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Source Of Drug-tolerant Tuberculosis Possibly Behind TB Relapses, Intensity Of Treatment

Date:
June 13, 2008
Source:
University of Pittsburgh
Summary:
The primary bacteria behind tuberculosis can grow on surfaces and that drug-tolerant strains flourish in these bacterial communities, according to new research in Molecular Microbiology. The findings suggest a possible reason why human tuberculosis requires months of intensive antibiotic treatment and indicate a potential cause of the relapses that can nonetheless occur.
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University of Pittsburgh-led researchers discovered that the primary bacteria behind tuberculosis can grow on surfaces and that drug-tolerant strains flourish in these bacterial communities, the research team recently reported in Molecular Microbiology. The findings suggest a possible reason why human tuberculosis (TB) requires months of intensive antibiotic treatment and indicate a potential cause of the relapses that can nonetheless occur.

The researchers are the first to show that “Mycobacterium tuberculosis” can grow in surface-level bacteria clusters known as biofilms that are common in nature but never before shown for TB bacteria, explained the paper's senior author Graham Hatfull, chair and Eberly Family Professor of Biological Sciences in Pitt's School of Arts and Sciences. Hatfull collaborated and coauthored the paper with Professor William Jacobs Jr. of the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York.

Hatfull, Jacobs, and their colleagues found that the biofilm bacteria are physiologically and genetically different from TB bacteria harvested in a lab-the type used in developing antibiotics. These variations result in a population of the bacteria that are “drug-tolerant and harbor persistent cells that survive high concentrations of anti-tuberculosis antibiotics,” the team reports.

People with TB typically undergo six to nine months of treatment with multiple antibiotics and most of the bacteria generally die within the first two weeks. Yet the disease can recur, presumably because of drug-tolerant bacteria that have escaped the antibiotic. The source and location of these persistent cells are unknown, but Hatfull and Jacobs' research reveals a possible biofilm origin, Jacobs said.

“The nature of persisting “M. tuberculosis” cells has been an enigma for the entire field,” Jacobs said. “Clearly “M. tuberculosis” cells in biofilms represent at least one class of persistent cells, and we are testing their biological relevance.”

It is not yet known whether the biofilm actually factors into human TB infections, Hatfull said. He added that the only similar research regarding biofilm in living creatures showed the presence of biofilm-like or biofilm-related bacteria in guinea pigs.

“While our data does not show conclusively that biofilm formation in people gives rise to a drug-tolerant population, the fact that biofilms do so in the lab makes this an interesting and testable hypothesis,” Hatfull said.

Other collaborators on the project include: Yann Guerardel and associate Xavier Trivelli of the Universite des Sciences et Technologies de Lille in France; Laurent Kremer and associate Anuradha Alahari of France's University of Montpellier; Pitt postdoctoral researcher Anil Ojha; and Jacobs' research associates Anthony Baughn, Dhinakaran Sambandan, and Tsungda Hsu.


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Materials provided by University of Pittsburgh. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Anil K. Ojha, Anthony D. Baughn, Dhinakaran Sambandan, Tsungda Hsu, Xavier Trivelli, Yann Guerardel, Anuradha Alahari, Laurent Kremer, William R. Jacobs Jr, Graham F. Hatfull. Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis biofilms containing free mycolic acids and harbouring drug-tolerant bacteria. Molecular Microbiology, 2008 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06274.x

Cite This Page:

University of Pittsburgh. "Source Of Drug-tolerant Tuberculosis Possibly Behind TB Relapses, Intensity Of Treatment." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 13 June 2008. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080611135046.htm>.
University of Pittsburgh. (2008, June 13). Source Of Drug-tolerant Tuberculosis Possibly Behind TB Relapses, Intensity Of Treatment. ScienceDaily. Retrieved March 28, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080611135046.htm
University of Pittsburgh. "Source Of Drug-tolerant Tuberculosis Possibly Behind TB Relapses, Intensity Of Treatment." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080611135046.htm (accessed March 28, 2024).

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