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Reefs recovered faster after mass extinction than first thought

Date:
October 8, 2011
Source:
University of Zurich
Summary:
Metazoan-dominated reefs only took 1.5 million years to recover after the largest species extinction 252 million years ago, paleontologists have found, based on fossils from the southwestern United States.
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Metazoan-dominated reefs only took 1.5 million years to recover after the largest species extinction 252 million years ago, an international research team including paleontologists from the University of Zurich has established based on fossils from the southwestern United States.

Harsh living conditions caused by major fluctuations in the carbon content and sea levels, overacidification and oxygen deficiency in the seas triggered the largest mass extinction of all time at the end of the Permian era 252 million years ago. Life on Earth was also anything but easy after the obliteration of over 90 percent of all species: Throughout the entire Early Triassic era, metazoan-dominated reefs were replaced by microbial deposits. Researchers had always assumed it took Earth as long as five million years to recover from this species collapse.

Now, however, an international team, including the paleontologist Hugo Bucher from the University of Zurich and his team of researchers, has shown that reefs already existed again in the southwest of what is now the USA 1.5 million years after the mass extinction. These were dominated by metazoan organisms such as sponges, serpulids and other living creatures, the researchers report in Nature Geoscience.

Growth thanks to new reef-forming metazoan organisms

Metazoan-dominated reefs already developed during the Early Triassic, much earlier than was previously assumed. As soon as the environmental conditions more or less returned to normal, the reef began to grow again due to metazoan organisms that had played a secondary role in reefs up to then. "This shows that, after the extinction of dominant reef creators, metazoan were able to form reef ecosystems much sooner than was previously thought," says Hugo Bucher, summing up the new discovery.


Story Source:

Materials provided by University of Zurich. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Arnaud Brayard, Emmanuelle Vennin, Nicolas Olivier, Kevin G. Bylund, Jim Jenks, Daniel A. Stephen, Hugo Bucher, Richard Hofmann, Nicolas Goudemand, Gilles Escarguel. Transient metazoan reefs in the aftermath of the end-Permian mass extinction. Nature Geoscience, 2011; 4 (10): 693 DOI: 10.1038/NGEO1264

Cite This Page:

University of Zurich. "Reefs recovered faster after mass extinction than first thought." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 8 October 2011. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/09/110930102802.htm>.
University of Zurich. (2011, October 8). Reefs recovered faster after mass extinction than first thought. ScienceDaily. Retrieved March 29, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/09/110930102802.htm
University of Zurich. "Reefs recovered faster after mass extinction than first thought." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/09/110930102802.htm (accessed March 29, 2024).

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