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Gene therapy: End of CRISPR-CAS9 controversy

Date:
February 10, 2015
Source:
Institute for Basic Science
Summary:
There has been great interest in CRISPR-Cas9 as a tool to develop anticancer cell therapies or to correct genetic defects in stem and somatic cells. However, since there has been no reliable and sensitive method to measure the accuracy of CRISPR-Cas9 genome-wide, its safety has remained in question. Scientists have now successfully confirmed that CRISPR-Cas9 has accurate on-target effects in human cells.
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The IBS research team (Center for Genome Engineering) has successfully confirmed that CRISPR-Cas9 has accurate on-target effects in human cells, through joint research with the Seoul National University College of Medicine and ToolGen, Inc.

There has been great interest in CRISPR-Cas9 as a tool to develop anticancer cell therapies or to correct genetic defects that cause hereditary in stem and somatic cells. However, since there has been no reliable and sensitive method to measure the accuracy of CRISPR-Cas9 genome-wide, its safety has remained in question. Consequently, it has been difficult to eliminate the possibility that CRISPR-Cas9 may induce mutations in off-target sequences that are similar to on-target sequences. Off-target mutations in tumor suppressor genes, for example, can cause cancer.

The researchers have developed a technique termed Digenome-seq to locate both on-target and off-target sequences that can be mutated by CRISPR-Cas9 via genome sequencing. They digested human genomic DNA using Cas9 nucleases in a test tube, which was then subjected by whole genome sequencing. This in vitro digest yielded a unique pattern at both on-target and off-target sequences that can be computationally identified. Furthermore, by adding guanine nucleotides at the end of sgRNA(single guided RNA) that composes CRISPR-Cas9, they have successfully created this highly-developed programmable nuclease, which has no measurable off-target effects in the human genome.

Jin-Soo Kim, the director of the Center for Genome Engineering at IBS, as well as the professor of the Department of Chemistry at Seoul National University says, "If CRISPR-Cas9 truncates off-target DNA sequences, it might induce unwanted mutations. Since we have succeeded in confirming the accuracy of CRISPR-Cas9, we anticipate that there will be a great progress in the development of gene or cell therapies," emphasizing the significance of this research achievement.


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Materials provided by Institute for Basic Science. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Daesik Kim, Sangsu Bae, Jeongbin Park, Eunji Kim, Seokjoong Kim, Hye Ryeong Yu, Jinha Hwang, Jong-Il Kim, Jin-Soo Kim. Digenome-seq: genome-wide profiling of CRISPR-Cas9 off-target effects in human cells. Nature Methods, 2015; DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.3284

Cite This Page:

Institute for Basic Science. "Gene therapy: End of CRISPR-CAS9 controversy." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 10 February 2015. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150210050820.htm>.
Institute for Basic Science. (2015, February 10). Gene therapy: End of CRISPR-CAS9 controversy. ScienceDaily. Retrieved October 14, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150210050820.htm
Institute for Basic Science. "Gene therapy: End of CRISPR-CAS9 controversy." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150210050820.htm (accessed October 14, 2024).

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