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Two-step process underpins upkeep of key protein in cell division

Date:
June 4, 2018
Source:
University of Edinburgh
Summary:
Two complementary processes enable a critical protein, known as CENP-A, to be replenished to enable cells to divide, detailed analysis shows.
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Scientists have shed light on a key aspect of healthy cell division, helping build a clearer picture of the complex mechanisms involved.

Detailed analysis of the behaviour of a critical protein, known as CENP-A, has revealed two complementary processes by which the protein can be replenished to enable cells to divide.

The findings underline the protein's significance in fundamental cell division and segregation of chromosomes -- packages of DNA.

Scientists sought to better understand how CENP-A can be incorporated into specific sections of chromosomes as they assemble within a dividing cell.

Previous studies had shown that CENP-A must be newly produced and deposited for each cell cycle. While several key factors are known that help target CENP-A to the right place in dividing cells, it was unclear how the protein is incorporated into the chromosome.

This latest study shows how the second step, stably integrating the protein at the correct position, involves a process known as transcription -- which normally enables genes to produce their corresponding proteins.

They found that in dividing cells, transcription is repurposed to allow CENP-A to be stably incorporated at a region where pairs of chromosomes divide, called the centromere.

Transcription requires remodelling of the material that makes up chromosomes -- known as chromatin. This is key for CENP-A to become stably attached to the centromere.

Both of these processes act in conjunction to replenish CENP-A. Targeting directs the protein to the right position, while remodelling opens up chromatin -- essentially making space for CENP-A to move in, researchers say.

Their study, funded by Wellcome, was published in the Journal of Cell Biology.


Story Source:

Materials provided by University of Edinburgh. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Georg O.M. Bobkov, Nick Gilbert, Patrick Heun. Centromere transcription allows CENP-A to transit from chromatin association to stable incorporation. The Journal of Cell Biology, 2018; 217 (6): 1957 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201611087

Cite This Page:

University of Edinburgh. "Two-step process underpins upkeep of key protein in cell division." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 4 June 2018. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/06/180604112455.htm>.
University of Edinburgh. (2018, June 4). Two-step process underpins upkeep of key protein in cell division. ScienceDaily. Retrieved March 28, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/06/180604112455.htm
University of Edinburgh. "Two-step process underpins upkeep of key protein in cell division." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/06/180604112455.htm (accessed March 28, 2024).

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