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Memory appears susceptible to eradication of fear responses

Date:
February 18, 2013
Source:
Universiteit van Amsterdam (UVA)
Summary:
Fear responses can only be erased when people learn something new while retrieving the fear memory. This is the conclusion of a new study.
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FULL STORY

Fear responses can only be erased when people learn something new while retrieving the fear memory. This is the conclusion of a study conducted by scientists from the University of Amsterdam (UvA) and published in the journal Science.

Researchers Dieuwke Sevenster MSc, Dr Tom Beckers and Prof. Merel Kindt have developed a method to determine whether an acquired fear response is susceptible to modification. By doing so, they have revealed the circumstances under which an acquired fear response can be eradicated. In order to measure whether a person actually learnt something new, the researchers used a measure for Prediction Error -- in other words, the discrepancy between a person's anticipation of what is going to happen and what actually happens.

No fear response

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy is currently the most common and effective type of treatment for people suffering from anxiety disorders. However, the effects are often short-lived and the fear returns in many patients. One major finding of Van Kindt's research lab is that when participants were given propranolol, a beta blocker, while retrieving a specific fear memory, the acquired fear response was shown to be totally erased a day or month later. The researchers repeatedly found that the fear did not come back, despite the use of techniques specifically aimed to make it return. This indicates that the fear memory was either fully eradicated, or could no longer be accessed. One crucial finding was that while participants could still remember the association with the fear, that particular memory no longer triggered the former fear response.

Fear conditioning

For their study the researchers used a fear conditioning procedure in which a specific picture was followed by a nasty painful stimulus. While the participants viewed the pictures, the researchers measured the anticipation of the painful stimulus as well as the more autonomous fear response on the basis of the startle reflex.

The current findings will contribute to the further development of more effective and efficient therapies for patients suffering from excessive anxiety disorders, such as trauma victims. There was no independent measure to indicate whether the memory is susceptible to modification up until now. The researchers have shown that the fear response can be eradicated completely, provided that the person concerned actually learns something new while retrieving the fear memory.


Story Source:

Materials provided by Universiteit van Amsterdam (UVA). Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. D. Sevenster, T. Beckers, M. Kindt. Prediction Error Governs Pharmacologically Induced Amnesia for Learned Fear. Science, 2013; 339 (6121): 830 DOI: 10.1126/science.1231357

Cite This Page:

Universiteit van Amsterdam (UVA). "Memory appears susceptible to eradication of fear responses." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 18 February 2013. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/02/130218102914.htm>.
Universiteit van Amsterdam (UVA). (2013, February 18). Memory appears susceptible to eradication of fear responses. ScienceDaily. Retrieved March 18, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/02/130218102914.htm
Universiteit van Amsterdam (UVA). "Memory appears susceptible to eradication of fear responses." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/02/130218102914.htm (accessed March 18, 2024).

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