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New regulator of liver metabolism discovered

Enzyme retinol saturase controls liver glucose handling

Date:
September 29, 2017
Source:
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Summary:
Researchers have identified an enzyme that has a major effect on glucose utilization in liver cells. The enzyme, retinol saturase, helps these cells adapt to variations in glucose levels. However, when glucose levels are consistently too high, retinol saturase appears to exert a damaging effect on cells.
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All cells can adapt their metabolic activity with respect to the availability of various sources of energy, such as glucose. This vital ability makes cells more efficient at absorbing and utilizing these substances, in addition to protecting them against the negative effects of overload. However, exposure to chronically-high glucose levels can result in an adaptive response which is damaging to cells and promoting diseases.

Led by Prof. Dr. Michael Schupp, head of the Molecular Pharmacology and Metabolism Working Group at Charité's Institute of Pharmacology, the researchers showed that the enzyme retinol saturase plays a role in the adaptive processes found in liver cells. By studying levels of the enzyme in both slim and obese participants, the researchers found that levels increase in line with body weight. They also analyzed the cells' metabolic pathways and their metabolic adaptation to glucose levels after reducing the enzyme's abundance. The negative metabolic effects associated with excess exposure to glucose were significantly less pronounced in cells that had been modified in this way.

Discussing the results of the study, Prof. Schupp concludes: "The inactivation of retinol saturase activity may offer a new approach to the treatment of metabolic liver disease and its associated problems, such as fatty liver disease and dyslipidemia." As a next step, the researchers are planning to identify the mechanisms involved, and to test whether other cell types also need the enzyme to adapt to changing glucose levels.


Story Source:

Materials provided by Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Steffi Heidenreich, Nicole Witte, Pamela Weber, Isabel Goehring, Alexander Tolkachov, Christian von Loeffelholz, Stephanie Döcke, Michael Bauer, Martin Stockmann, Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Matthias Pietzke, Stefan Kempa, Matthias Muenzner, Michael Schupp. Retinol saturase coordinates liver metabolism by regulating ChREBP activity. Nature Communications, 2017; 8 (1) DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00430-w

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Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin. "New regulator of liver metabolism discovered." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 29 September 2017. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/09/170929093342.htm>.
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin. (2017, September 29). New regulator of liver metabolism discovered. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 6, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/09/170929093342.htm
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin. "New regulator of liver metabolism discovered." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/09/170929093342.htm (accessed November 6, 2024).

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