New! Sign up for our free email newsletter.
Science News
from research organizations

Amazonian hunters deplete wildlife but don't empty forests

Date:
October 17, 2017
Source:
University of East Anglia
Summary:
Conservationists can be 'cautiously optimistic' about the prospect of sustainable subsistence hunting by Amazonian communities, according to new research. The research team spent over a year working with 60 Amazonian communities and hiked for miles through trackless forests to deploy nearly 400 motion-activated camera traps -- in a bid to understand which species are depleted by hunting and where.
Share:
FULL STORY

Conservationists can be "cautiously optimistic" about the prospect of sustainable subsistence hunting by Amazonian communities -- according to new research from the University of East Anglia.

Human exploitation of natural resources is a key driver of global biodiversity loss. In tropical forests, overhunting has been implicated in widespread local species extinction and the creation of 'empty forests'.

But a new study published in PLOS ONE reveals that subsistence hunters from small communities in large areas of intact forest and with access to healthy fish stocks do not appear to be emptying their forests.

This finding only rings true for smaller species and those less sensitive to hunting pressure, however. Numbers of large primates and other large mammals were still found to be depleted near to communities.

Lead author Dr Mark Abrahams, from UEA's School of Environmental Sciences, said: "Understanding the impacts of subsistence hunting in tropical forests is crucial not only to safeguard the world's most biodiverse terrestrial ecosystems, but also to secure a sustainable future for forest-dependent communities."

The research team used novel camera trapping and interview methods to study species in the Amazon.

Working with 60 Amazonian communities in the Juruá and Uatumã regions of Amazonas, Brazil, they deployed 383 motion-activated camera traps and conducted 78 interviews with subsistence hunters.

Hiking for miles through trackless forests to deploy cameras at varying distances from communities, the study sought to understand which species are depleted by hunting and where.

Key findings:

    - Large-bodied species and species forming large groups, are depleted near Amazonian communities.

    - The biomass of the entire species assemblage is greatly reduced close to Amazonian towns.

    - Subsistence hunting did not empty the forest of game vertebrates in the study regions, which retain high forest cover, sources of alternative protein and low human population densities.

The camera trap and interview data showed that large-bodied species and species forming large groups, such as white lipped peccaries, woolly monkeys and tapirs, are indeed depleted near to communities.

Smaller species and those less sensitive to hunting pressure, did not show evidence of depletion near to communities.

By contrast, the biomass of the entire species assemblage was greatly reduced close to towns.

Dr Abrahams said: "Our results imply that conservationists can be cautiously optimistic about the prospect of sustainable subsistence hunting by Amazonian communities. Small communities, living in large areas of intact forest and with access to healthy stocks of fish, do not appear to be emptying their forests.

"But this is clearly no excuse for complacency. Large primates and large ungulates, which are depleted by hunting, play vital ecological roles such as seed dispersal and are crucial to the health of the forest.

"Also, areas where human populations are larger, fish stocks are less abundant and remaining forest cover is less extensive, are likely to experience a far more severe depletion of game animals."

Prof Carlos Peres, also from UEA's School of Environmental Sciences, said: "Our analysis shows that the sustainability of protein acquisition in tropical forests is primarily governed by the spatial context of mortality sinks, human population density, and availability of alternative protein."


Story Source:

Materials provided by University of East Anglia. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Mark I. Abrahams, Carlos A. Peres, Hugo C. M. Costa. Measuring local depletion of terrestrial game vertebrates by central-place hunters in rural Amazonia. PLOS ONE, 2017; 12 (10): e0186653 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186653

Cite This Page:

University of East Anglia. "Amazonian hunters deplete wildlife but don't empty forests." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 17 October 2017. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/10/171017153148.htm>.
University of East Anglia. (2017, October 17). Amazonian hunters deplete wildlife but don't empty forests. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 3, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/10/171017153148.htm
University of East Anglia. "Amazonian hunters deplete wildlife but don't empty forests." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/10/171017153148.htm (accessed November 3, 2024).

Explore More

from ScienceDaily

RELATED STORIES